The aim of this study was to examine what four-year-old children repair in their speech. For this purpose, conversational self-repairs (N = 316) made by two typically developing Finnish-speaking children (aged 4 ; 8 and 4 ; 11) were examined. The data comprised eight hours of natural interactions videotaped at the children's homes. The tapes were…

In studies of minority language education, researchers tend to base their arguments on the assumption that knowledge empowers and ignorance disempowers. In this article, however, I show two alternative dynamics of knowledge and relations of dominance by drawing on my ethnographic fieldwork at a secondary school in Aotearoa/New Zealand in 1997-8.…

The teaching and learning of Irish in primary school is both an important educational issue and central to the national language revitalization effort. The findings of Irish-language programme evaluations, therefore, are invariably scrutinized very closely by different sectors. This paper examines how the later stages of a major evaluation took…

Maximizing school resources and managing a shrinking budget--these are two important items affected when a building's roofing system does not perform properly. Rather than acting in haste, school and university administrators should do what every teacher tells a student prior to answering any question: think through the research and studies to…

This paper is based on an analysis of interviews, conducted at three primary schools in Melbourne, which sought to explore the determinants of code-switching between English and Chinese. Specifically, it examined school education and other specific possible determinants of code switching amongst Chinese-Australian bilingual children. The specific…

The two main advantages for using carpeting are noise control and low maintenance costs. Carpet reduces floor instigated or impact noises and is psychologically dignifying. Maintenance costs for carpet are less than for other types of floor coverings because carpet requires less surface preparation. The initial cost of carpet is little, if any,…

The Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge campus, has a preventive maintenance program whose activities are scheduled by computer, resulting in savings of over $200,000 per year. (Author)

Precautions and modifications in existing buildings that can prevent and detect fire in schools. (MLF)

This handbook provides process information on California's Deferred Maintenance Program, including a description of the administering body of law. Chapters discuss the program's process on the topics of basic/additional apportionment, fund release (basic/additional and critical hardship), the Deferred Maintenance Five-Year Plan, district deposit,…

Significant energy savings can be effected through stopping obvious waste of water, electricity, and heat; purchasing equipment with the correct voltage and horsepower; equipment maintenance; and redesigning or replacing obsolete or inefficient equipment. (Author/MF)

Trash compactor functions and types are discussed and some hints for compactor selection for schools are provided. Discussed are the horizontal ram, vertical ram, and the horizontal extruder compactor. (DN)

Suggests policy guidelines for protecting a district's floor covering investment. (WM)

An inservice training program for school maintenance employees in a suburban Chicago elementary school district has motivated the staff to feel an ownership of their jobs and to suggest ideas of their own. Both factors have helped the district save thousands of dollars. (MLF)

The long-term implications of overeconomizing in physical resources, involving deferred or low maintenance and reduced services, are more serious than is commonly realized. Administrators need greater freedom to manage physical resources, improved liaison with academic planners, and more careful preparation of cases presented to funding…

Advice to smaller schools about how to write a program on planned maintenance, develop a planned maintenance book format, use the book, and implement the program. (Author/MLF)