Fundamental issues about human nature, such as the origin of sex differences, can only be answered through cross-cultural investigations. Children and adolescents (N=5400) in eight countries (Brazil, England, Italy, Mexico, Yugoslavia, West Germany, and the United States) were studied to determine aptitude, achievement, and several coping and…

Higher education must be prepared to establish goals and assess its success in developing students who can function productively in a future society. One possible goal of the college experience is to develop self-directing or internally-controlled individuals. Examined were selected factors and their influence on students' locus of control.…

This issue provides abstracts and analyses, prepared by science educators, of research reports in two areas of investigation. The first, student characteristics, includes three reports which deal with student interests, attitudes, and values. The second, teacher characteristics, also contains three reports. These studies deal with teachers'…

The relationship between locus of control (LC), grade point average (GPA), standardized achievement test scores (SAT), sex, and socioeconomic status (SES) was investigated among a sample of 174 eighth graders who responded to the Nowicki-Strickland locus on control instrument. Certain partial correlations between momentary achievement…

A survey was conducted to determine the effects of Public Law 94-142 (Education for All Handicapped Children Act) on collective bargaining at the local school district level. Educators affiliated with public schools, institutions of higher learning, and teacher organizations in seven states responded to a formal questionnaire. The results…

A beginning step in understanding intrinsic motivation in school can occur through examination of adolescents' subjective experience and the relationship between enjoyment and school learning. Subjects (85) filled out self-report forms, recording their level of concentration, moods, feelings and activities at random times during the waking hours…

The development and relationship of two dimensions of personality, self esteem and locus of control, were examined in a study of 763 fourth, eighth, and twelfth grade Indian and white children selected from 22 Oklahoma public schools. The students were given the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory and Nowicky-Strickland Locus of Control Scale during…

Child Parent Centers (CPC) have been established in selected disadvantaged areas to provide systematic educational experiences for preschool children as young as three years of age. This study provides an update on the current state of the CPC and its latest adaption, the Child Parent Expansion (CPX) Program. A three-year, longitudinal evaluation…

A student with a poor school history may differ from his or her classmates not only in academic skills but also in the expectation of future success. Seventh grade students (N=51) identified by teachers as at-risk for school failure because of their previous school performance were compared with an equal number of normal classmates on measures of…

Three hypotheses derived from Hilde Bruch's formulations regarding onset differences among the obese were tested. In Bruch's theory, adult-onset, or reactive, obesity is a result of psychological trauma; the individual uses eating as a defense against anxiety and depression. Child-onset, or developmental, obesity results from a mixture of…

An empirical test of a contemporary model of psychosocial stress was conducted to evaluate expected differences in cognitive and affective functioning for males and females in a professional career sample. Perceived powerlessness and affective hostility were viewed as constituting a cluster of adaptive responses to personal/social conditions…

Described is a study which represents an attempt to investigate the construct validity and internal consistency of a Test of Logical Thinking, the reliability of the IAR scale, and the relationship between formal reasoning ability and locus of control. (Author/SA)

Research results are presented of a two-year experimental field study investigating the effectiveness of the Suggestive-Accelerative Lozanov Teaching (SALT) method applied to varying levels of socio-economic level, grade level, and subject matter. This teaching method uses components of preliminary physical and mind calming exercises, although…

The relationship of cognitive style variables and conditions of test administration was investigated in cognitive assessments of hearing-impaired children, aged six through eleven. One hundred-twenty children were given the Raven Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM) and a Piagetian battery under one of six conditions of testing: (1) standard; (2)…

According to the Coleman Report of 1966, the poor child considers his success a matter of fate or luck--something completely out of his control. If a child with this outlook is going to succeed, the child must receive immediate gratification for his educational achievements, and he must be shown that success is the result of a cause-and-effect…