Girl friends are significant-others who influence young men's career aspirations and achievements. Girl friends and same sex peers evaluate a youth's educational potential using broader criteria than do parents. (Author/MV)

Findings of this study indicate that variables pertaining to students' value systems were statistically significant predictors of their sex attitudes and that parent attitudes toward sex are an influence on the attitudes of their sons and daughters. (MB)

Compares the effects of parents' occupational status, teachers' encouragement for further study, and high school curriculum on girls' academic achievement in girls' schools and coeducational schools. Results showed that mother's education was most important in predicting the type of school a girl attended. (Author/AEM)

Mothers' roles in structuring interactions with their infants during free play was examined when infants were 6- and 9-months-old. Maternal scaffolding of turn-taking exchanges was then contrasted to the forms of turn-taking apparent in sibling-infant and peer-infant observations. Subjects were 26 second-born infants who had a 3- to 6-year-old…

Examines extent to which parents transmit feelings and ideas about their jobs to their children and how the children perceive and respond to this information. Young people are fairly good predictors of parents' job satisfaction and working conditions. Though mothers may talk more about their work than fathers, children do not know more about…

Discusses and illustrates the characteristics and significance of the language used by parents to teach writing to their children. Considers the effects of such language on children's writing behaviors. (BB)

Studied adolescent females at a state training school and at a high school, measuring perceived parental acceptance. Demonstrated that incarcerated females viewed their mothers and fathers more negatively than did nonincarcerated females. Indicated more ambivalent results in the mother-daughter than the father-daughter relationship. Discusses…

Investigates the significance of the parent's role in reading aloud familiar or unfamiliar stories to their children. Concludes that, although the nature of the interaction between parent and child did not differ with respect to the parent's gender, there were differences in the kinds of interaction strategies used in familiar versus unfamiliar…

Discusses characteristics of delayed language in children and research findings concerning adults' speech to children. Also describes a variety of strategies that early childhood teachers can use to enrich the classroom language environment and help facilitate children's language development. (BB)

Discusses the following in relation to their predictability to future drug abuse in youth: (1) susceptibility of children of chemically dependent parents; (2) genetic transmutation; (3) family structure and management; (4) socialization; and (5) cognitive family characteristics. (Author/LHW)

Examines proposition that relations between children's aspirations and measures of cognitive performance and learning environments differ as a function of children's attitudinal orientation. Data were collected from 516 Australian children, 11 years old during the initial survey, and 16 at the follow-up. Results suggest that the proposition is…

Examined the intergenerational transmission of loneliness. Child-rearing practices, especially lack of positive involvement of parents with their children, were associated with the loneliness of offspring. These child-rearing practices increase the predictability of daughters' loneliness scores even when the strongest known correlates of…

Older adolescents (83 males, 92 females) nominated their parents and friends of the same sex as people most important in their lives. Using a matched sampling design, the adolescents' mothers, fathers, and a close friend responded to a scale where opinions might be sought as part of adolescent decision making. (Author/LMO)

Questionnaire responses from upper-status junior and senior high school students show the importance of perceived parental pressure in understanding adolescent self-esteem and deviant behavior. Adolescents who feel unduly pressured to achieve in school are likely to report low self-esteem, deviant activity, and feelings of inability to reach goals…

A social-learning model was tested for its ability to explain why adolescents drive under the influence of alcohol and ride with drinking drivers. The study demonstrates that if adolescent drinking and driving is to be prevented, careful attention must be prevented, careful attention must be paid to ways that it is learned and maintained.…