Presents and tests a theory which specifies the conditions under which adolescents shift their valuations between three sets of reference sources--fathers, mothers, and peers; the thesis incorporates components from four interpretations of parent--adolescent cleavage, summarily entitle Push, Pull, Selective Attachment, and Drift. (Author/JM)

Students and their parents completed a questionnaire dealing with attitudes toward five topics: student unrest, drugs, marriage, work, and sexual behavior. A gap does exist in three of the areas: student unrest, drugs, and sexual behavior. (Author)

In this study, the relevance of striving situations to intrinsic and extrinsic motivation was manipulated by varying the degree of involvement in the child's performance displayed by the experimenter. (Authors)

Author reviews the research and outlines the directions in which future research should proceed with respect to examine the interrelationship of cognitive ability in the child, maternal-child interactional behavior, staging and parent education. (Author/MB)

Results suggest that recollections of earlier experienced parental attitudes can be retrospective clues of earlier parent-child interaction along the alienation dimension of an Anti-Establishment vs. Establishment philosophy of early child rearing. (Authors/MB)

Despite contradictions in their own family experience to the customary adult division of labor, neither father absent nor lower class Ss displayed consistent differences from father present or middle class Ss in their perceptions. The discussion presents implications for programs with low income, preschool children. (Author)

Based upon data from a random sample of families a typology of Parental Encouragement (PE) techniques was tested and two predominant types were found. A three way" analysis using comparable data from both parents and the ninth grade son reveals considerably less than one to one" correspondence on reported PE attempts. (Author)

The study concluded that students tend to achieve and have aspirations, attitudes and expectations consistent with the educational level of their same-sex parent. (Author/MF)

School and home are causative factors in contributing to young people's rebellious and lawless conduct. (JL)