Based in part on an MA thesis (Utech) submitted to Kent State University.

The relationships between infants' development and their home environment, mothers' attitudes as parents, mothers' mental adjustment, and families' socioeconomic status were studied. Indices of intellectual and psychomotor development were related to home environment, socioeconomic status, and maternal attitudes. The implications of these…

Analyzes factors associated with entry to skilled trades through the Australian apprenticeship system. Data were collected from nearly 2,500 17-year-old males. Results indicate that young males whose fathers were tradesmen are more likely to participate in apprenticeship training. Other findings are reported and discussed. (JN)

This paper evaluates the experimental evidence regarding the relationship between parental supervision and offspring delinquency with the view of suggesting that greater emphasis be placed on the role of parental supervision as a means of reducing delinquent behavior in potentially delinquent families; high supervision is associated with low…

Adolescents with a parent with diagnoses of schizophrenia and major affective disorder, as compared to children of well parents, were rated as less motivated, less harmonious, less stable, and more dogmatic. Journal available from Williams and Wilkins, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202. (Author/SEW)

Describes a study that analyzed the career decision-making process of Australian youth and the influence of home and school in making the decision. Results indicated that at age 14, the major influence was parents, and career resources were rarely used. All students felt the need for career guidance services. (JOW)

Assessed the relative impact of parents and peers for adolescent religious orientation in a survey of Australian adolescents (N=375). While peers (especially close friends) were important for the respondents' self-concept, there was no evidence that adolescent religion was a product of a distinctive youth subculture. There was consistent support…

An investigation assessed the relative importance of parental behavior and perceived parental attitudes about smoking as factors associated with whether youths chose to smoke. Results, indicating that parental attitudes may be a more significant factor than is parental behavior, are discussed. (CJ)

Suggests that interpersonal competence in intimate and general social relationships is transmitted down generational lines. Studied a sample of college students (N=105) and their parents for evidence of lineage effects. The strongest evidence of lineage transmission of characteristics was for interpersonal competence in general social situations.…

A study was done to determine the relationship between the cognitive profiles of children and the cognitive profiles of their mothers. Results indicate that the child's cognitive behavior at age six and under is similar to the mother's. However, as the child attends school and maternal influence lessens, the child's cognitive profile begins to…

Investigated fathers' influence on the socialization of children and how it may differ from that of mothers. Parents (N=128) responded to seven scales concerning parental role responsibilities. Fathers and mothers reported high agreement as to major parental role responsibilities for a male child, less agreement occurred for female children.…

Using a two-wave panel design, examined antecedents and short-term consequences of teenage marriage, parenting, and school-leaving. Findings showed that while these three role transitions are not greatly related to social origins, academic ability, or performance, dropping-out is more highly linked than the other two. (Author)

It is estimated that 29 million American children have alcoholic parents. The author documents the unstable environment and psychological consequences suffered by these children, who are at great risk to become alcoholics themselves. (Editor)

Discusses research examining the roles played by particular resources in the home that influence children's achievement. This study adds two new dimensions to previous work on the topic: it focuses on Black children in low income, urban families and the same model is estimated for two samples of children. (Author/WD)

A purpose of this paper is to assess empirically the argument that optimism about success chances is more limited among the lower classes than among more advantaged groups. (PR)