Collected data from 84 urban, female African American middle school students to investigate neighborhood cohesion and parent and adult social support coping, singly and cooperatively, as resources for school achievement outcomes. Positive perceptions of the neighborhood directly and positively related to increased feelings of school self-efficacy…

Discusses the history and outcomes of psychoanalysis and child rearing practices in the 1950s Netherlands to present. Depicts the 20th century as a century of child rearing experts with parents blamed for all that was wrong with their child. States the dynamics of psychology has undermined society's self-supporting and self-healing capacity. (KDR)

Examined data on 900 European American children from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care to explore links between maternal employment during the child's first year and child cognitive outcomes. Found that maternal employment by the child's ninth month related to lower school readiness scores at 36 months, with more pronounced effects for certain…

Describes a conceptual framework for analyzing parent-adolescent communication about sex and birth control, and reviews the pertinent literature. Notes directions for future research. (Author/SD)

Examined links between parental knowledge and adolescent delinquent behavior for correlated rates of developmental change and reciprocal associations from age 14 to 18. Found that parent knowledge was negatively correlated with delinquent behaviors at age 14 and knowledge increases over time were negatively correlated with increases in…

An Australian study of 110 mother-infant dyads and 85 mother-toddler dyads in which the mothers were mentally ill evaluated the effectiveness of the Mother and Child Risk Observation (MACRO). Results found that MACRO offers a convenient framework for assessing risk and interpreting the impact of maternal mental illness upon children. (Author/CR)

Examined racial differences in associations between academic achievement and parent behaviors such as grade expectations, consequences for unsatisfactory grades, and praise for satisfactory grades in second, fourth, and eighth graders. Found several relationships between parents' self-reports of selected behaviors and children's academic…

Reviews research on the effectiveness of parental involvement in improving elementary school-aged children's reading skills. Studies show that parents can enhance their children's reading ability, but parents desire training in specific strategies. Two feasible programs are presented, although more research is needed on various home reading…

Analyzed factors influencing Turkish students' transitions to high school. Student surveys indicated that socioeconomic status had little or no impact on academic achievement. Previous academic achievement and student aspirations positively related to academic achievement. School type and attending preparatory schools negatively related to…

Examined cross-generational influences of adolescent parenthood on psychosocial functioning with a random sample of adolescent mothers in state care due to child abuse/neglect in their family of origin. Found that participants whose main parenting figure was an adolescent parent reported higher parenting stress and lower educational attainment…

Asserts that parental socialization and child temperament are modestly associated with child adjustment outcomes. Suggests a conditional model of influence, in which parenting effects on child adjustment are moderated by child temperament characteristics. Outlines theoretical support, reviews empirical work compatible with the moderated model, and…

The selection of an elementary-level reading series in a small California town caused a divisive backlash from some parents who are claiming their rights to supervise their children's reading material. The controversy is reported through excerpts from interviews with representatives from both sides of the issue. (JD)

Tested the hypothesis that the instructions that mothers of popular, rejected, and neglected children gave regarding entry into group play would parallel their children's known group-entry behavior. Hypotheses were substantially supported for mothers of popular children, moderately supported for mothers of neglected children, and less supported…

Studied schizophrenic, depressed, and well women to determine the quality of their parenting and its affect on their three-month to five-year-old's social and intellectual development. Mothers' parenting practices, not their diagnostic status, accounted for much of the children's intellectual and social competence. (RH)

Considers the treatment of family causation of schizophrenia in undergraduate abnormal psychology textbooks. Reviews texts published only after 1986. Points out a number of implications for psychologists which arise from the inclusion in these texts of the idea that parents cause schizophrenia, not the least of which is the potential for…