Approximately 1,000 articles and books relating to traditional approaches and new directions in the assessment of the behavior of children are listed. The references are grouped under the following 14 headings: (a) methodological issues; (b) interviewing and informal assessment techniques; (c) rating scales; (d) personality questionnaires and…

In this study the effects of operational level on the quality of children's questions and on their free recall were investigated. Subjects were 65 second-, fourth- and sixth-grade children. Children's operational levels were decided by their performance on nine Piagetian tasks. A question asking task was used to study their question quality. At…

In contrast to previous reviews that have dealt extensively with either situational determinants of intervention in emergencies or norms governing prosocial actions, the present paper focuses primarily on the role of empathy and sympathy in mediating helpful acts. To provide a meaningful context in which to integrate research in this area, two…

The purpose of this study was to develop an empirical framework to help conceptualize the process and outcome of negotiation. Specifically, the hypothesis tested was that prenegotiation expectations, the use of power strategies, and individual personality traits will, in combination, predict the outcome of negotiation proceedings. A test of the…

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between psychological traits and voting behavior. Investigated is the thesis that psychological traits are useful concepts for political scientists as predictors of consistency in behavior. Contending that previous trait theory research has been generally unimpressive, the author…

Evidence from various psychological, sociological, and informal group studies is examined to determine psychological, emotional, and moral effects of legal training. Results show no proof that claimed personality changes exist and (if they do) that they are a result of stress. Conclusions suggest no changes in legal education. (JT)

Reports on a study designed to determine the proportion of the communication research studies published in seven journals in the 1970s that obtained their data from, and based their conclusions upon, student populations in general and undergraduate college student populations in particular. (GW)

In this study, the response of peers and teachers to children who differed in the extent to which their self-concepts included traits which children view as masculine or feminine is examined. Among boys, relative masculinity was associated with a distinct pattern of classroom behavior to which women teachers gave negative evaluations. (Author/WI)

Attempts to determine whether "he" is an adequate generic term which can refer to males as well as females, and concludes that "he" is not effective in serving its generic function and should be replaced. (MH)

The main question explored in this article is whether behavior analysts are more interested in examining the variables of which socially important behaviors are a function, or in improving those behaviors. It is concluded that improvement is currently more important to researchers than analysis. (Author/AM)

This paper describes two experiments conducted to assess the impact of the need for effective control on attributions made in a conflict situation. Subjects were college students. (CM)

Children were offered complimentary tickets for amusement park rides contingent upon collection of bags of litter in the park. Cost and effect analysis showed that this particular reinforcement program for litter removal was approximately two-and-one-half times as effective at about the same cost as traditional salaried maintenance. (Author/MA)

The rationale for a constructivist approach to behavioral and social science research, and studies which have applied this methodology, are reviewed. The author suggests that ethnographic techniques of explaining behavior patterns may be as valuable as or more appropriate than traditional behavioral science methods. (GDC)

Investigates the thoughts and opinions of teenage unwed mothers on the development of a sex education program by schools. (Author/RK)

Focuses on a who-why-where-when-how-what-whom structural model of interpersonal "distancing." Parallels are drawn between concepts of "intimacy" disequilibrium and cognitive dissonance; the latter deals with attitude-behavior discrepancies and the former with attraction-approach discrepancies. Presented at the American Psychological Association,…