The deeper level of paradox is that public money supports education to advance the public interest, but how much and what kind of education are safe? How much education supports evolution and how much supports revolution? (Author/IRT)

Appalachian students don't learn to read because reading lacks pragmatic social consequences for them. (DD)

Applicants for telemarketing jobs were assigned to 4 groups (32 each): (1) standard interview (control group); (2) job-specific realistic job preview; (3) nonspecific expectation-lowering procedure; and (4) both treatments 2 and 3. All three treatment groups had significantly lower expectations but not higher retention. Combined treatment resulted…

Considers the role and aim of education in the thinking of J. Rousseau. To Rousseau, education serves as a medium between nature and society, with the task of education being that of turning man into a social being. Discusses Rousseau's philosophy in light of his novel "Emile." (SLD)

Examined relations among quality of sibling relationships, maternal socialization techniques regarding infant emotions and skills, firstborns' perspective-taking skills, and firstborns' caretaking behavior in 32 sibling pairs (14 months; 3-5 years) and their mothers. (RH)

Examines patterns of religious behavior and participation of older adults in five areas: social profile of religious participation; profile of patterns of religious behavior of elderly; effects of age, period, and cohort on socialization to religious practice; meaning and role of organized religion for older adults; and implications for future…

Commitment is a major component in career development. This article discusses some influential views and societal conditions reflecting both the need for and phenomenon of commitment and synthesizes these to reveal the comprehensive meaning of commitment. Factors involved in the commitment resolution process are described. (LKS)

Suggests that the socialization of children works against their creativity. Argues that increasing children's exploratory opportunities results in raising the likelihood of new discoveries. Concludes that the establishment of a structure for fostering creativity is a key factor in promoting child development. (SG)

Several studies indicate that adolescents in the United States think about political issues that have relevance to their lives in ways that differ from their thinking about issues that do not have such relevance. Proposes (1) a model of moral or social reasoning; and (2) two categories of reasoning: instrumental and symbolic. (BC)

An analysis of views of early socialization and sociogenetic theorists will provide a foundation for regarding internalization as a process involving transformations of semiotic material imported from the social world into personally constructed subjective experience. Argues that researchers embracing the sociogenetic tradition should make…

Agrees with the distinction, made by Lawrence and Valsiner in the previous article, between theoretical approaches concerning internalization that view internalization as cultural transmission and internalization as constructive transformation. Concurs with criticisms of these approaches, and questions the need for the notion of internalization in…

Describes a project in which women used literacy learning to examine critically the ways gender identity is shaped by images and symbols such as handbags. (SK)

Reviews the Career Beliefs Inventory (CBI) regarding its intended purpose. Suggests that emphasis on clinical utility is an asset. Expresses concerns regarding internal consistency of some scales. Suggests reorganizing scales to improve reliability and validity. Cautions against use for diagnostic decisions. Suggests CBI has potential for research…

Critiques Krumboltz's description of the Career Beliefs Inventory (CBI). Suggests that CBI lacks clear definition of career beliefs. Notes that instrument description fails to discuss affective component of emotion. Criticizes reliability of CBI. Praises thoroughness employed in development of CBI. (CRR)

Responds to criticisms regarding Career Beliefs Inventory (CBI) offered by Fuqua and Newman and Walsh. Suggests that CBI is useful to clients as discovery tool. Defends position that CBI does assess values and that precision of CBI is sufficient for intended purpose. (CRR)