Discusses the connection between bilinguality and identity formation and the conditions for additive bilinguality. The article uses a sample of Japanese-Canadian university students to form a composite picture of second-generation Japanese-youths in the Toronto area. Interview findings indicate that these students support multiculturalism and the…

Discusses the history of coverage of vision-related rehabilitation by health insurance and identifies opportunities for expanded coverage within the rapidly changing health care environment. Reviews strategies for persuading health insurance plans to fund vision-related rehabilitation, including educating the public, reconfiguring service…

Discusses the conflicts between for-profit managed care and medical education, noting the shortcomings of both and the need for medical educators to understand the tense history of discord between the two, distinguish between responsible and irresponsible managed care plans, and not assume that they own the moral high ground on health-care issues.…

Describes the formation and academic activities of the Tufts Managed Care Institute, a collaborative venture of Tufts University School of Medicine and the Tufts Health Plan health maintenance organization. For medical students, the approach has been to blend managed care principles and practices into existing courses, problem-based learning…

American Indian leaders must meld the holistic and cyclical world view of Indian peoples with the linear, rational world view of mainstream society. Tribal leaders need to be statesmen and ethical politicians. Economic and educational development must be based on disciplined long-range planning and a strong, Indian-controlled educational base.…

Examines the importance and centrality of orality, rather than literacy, in the shared lives of the Cree of northern Alberta. Discusses orality consciousness related to the practice of shared memories and personal and communal healing during the "dance of the ancestors" or "ghost dance." Includes a short history of the Cree…

In the Ivory Coast, the official standard French has not been established as the language of the masses and is threatened by Dyula and a Popular French, two lingua francas that have potential as national languages even though the populations do not seem supportive of new language policy. (Author/MSE)

Higher Education faces two issues in capital renewal and replacement: (1) quantifying and funding the accumulated backlog of capital needs due to deferred maintenance, and (2) developing an ongoing funding plan to ensure backlogs do not accumulate in the future. (MSE)

Describes contact linguistic backgrounds in three distinct sociolinguistic areas in Old Belgium, illustrating the importance of ecological approaches in analyzing areas in which one or more languages or varieties are in danger of dying out. Data collection methods that discover, rather than conceal, linguistic realities are revealed. 29…

Results of a study with four autistic students (ages five-nine) showed that a picture training procedure was effective in teaching a generalized response to questions for which the relevant cue was visible, whereas specific generalization programing was required for situations in which the relevant cue was not visible. (Author/DB)

A comparative study of two Hispanic communities in New York City focused on how social status and ethnic configuration affect linguistic and attitudinal behaviors. Differences in language proficiency, use, and attitude among Central Americans, Cubans, Dominicans, Puerto Ricans, and South Americans were found, and the Dominicans in the two…

Analysis of the speech patterns of Adyge school children and their families resettled in a Russian community indicated that: (1) the use of Adyge was a sensitive indicator of nationalistic feelings in the community, and (2) while Russian was displacing Adyge (especially among younger people), traditional Adyge values firmly held their ground.…

The extent to which the second-language English spelling of young Welsh-English bilinguals is systematically idiosyncratic was examined from free compositions written by 10- to 11-year-old children. A model is presented of the second-language spelling process in the form of a "decision tree." (Contains 29 references.) (Author/LB)

Born in 1918, the youngest of 12 children, Walker Calhoun describes growing up on the Cherokee Reservation in North Carolina. The schools turned the Cherokee against their old ways, but Walker learned many old songs and dances from his uncle, Will West. Since retirement, Walker has taught the dances and songs to children. His material has been…

This study, in which 49 12-year-old students with mild or moderate mental retardation completed memory tasks, found that attributional training cannot replace rehearsal strategy training but can increase the effectiveness of strategy training. This confirms the need to consider both the cognitive and motivational aspects of strategic behavior. (DB)