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Peer reviewed
Direct linkLiu, David; Sabbagh, Mark A.; Gehring, William J.; Wellman, Henry M. – Child Development, 2009
Young children show significant changes in their mental-state understanding as marked by their performance on false-belief tasks. This study provides evidence for activity in the prefrontal cortex associated with the development of this ability. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded as adults (N = 24) and 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Young Children, Child Development, Neurological Organization
Fazl, Arash; Grossberg, Stephen; Mingolla, Ennio – Cognitive Psychology, 2009
How does the brain learn to recognize an object from multiple viewpoints while scanning a scene with eye movements? How does the brain avoid the problem of erroneously classifying parts of different objects together? How are attention and eye movements intelligently coordinated to facilitate object learning? A neural model provides a unified…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Eye Movements, Earth Science, Associative Learning
Clotfelter, Charles T., Ed. – University of Chicago Press, 2010
In higher education, the United States is the preeminent global leader, dominating the list of the world's top research universities. But there are signs that America's position of global leadership will face challenges in the future, as it has in other realms of international competition. "American Universities in a Global Market"…
Descriptors: Higher Education, Global Approach, Foreign Students, Graduate Students
Purdy, John David – ProQuest LLC, 2010
Increased second-language (L2) proficiency is associated with a shift from explicit to implicit processing; however, the neural underpinnings are of this shift are not well understood. Furthermore, it is known that unaccusative verbs cause persistent difficulties in L2 learning. In this study, behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) responses…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency, Brain, Cognitive Processes
Nelson, Annie Hirt – ProQuest LLC, 2010
The purpose of this study is to add to the knowledge of reading development by investigating reading processes from a neurocognitive and educational perspective. This study seeks to provide some insight about reading development for the neuroscience field. The goals of this study are to attain a clearer picture of reading development by using both…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Sentences, Age, Semantics
Merritta, Catherine; Cherian, Binu; Macaden, Ashish S.; John, Judy Ann – International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 2010
The aims of this study were to objectively measure the physical performance and physical endurance of patients with traumatic brain injury with minimization of cognitive and psychological fatigue, and to compare the physical performance of brain injured patients with that of healthy controls. This was a nonrandomized partially blinded controlled…
Descriptors: Experimental Groups, Control Groups, Fatigue (Biology), Physical Activities
Cauffman, Elizabeth; Shulman, Elizabeth P.; Steinberg, Laurence; Claus, Eric; Banich, Marie T.; Graham, Sandra; Woolard, Jennifer – Developmental Psychology, 2010
Contemporary perspectives on age differences in risk taking, informed by advances in developmental neuroscience, have emphasized the need to examine the ways in which emotional and cognitive factors interact to influence decision making. In the present study, a diverse sample of 901 individuals between the ages of 10 and 30 were administered a…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Late Adolescents, Adolescents, Adults
Ganzel, Barbara L.; Morris, Pamela A.; Wethington, Elaine – Psychological Review, 2010
We draw on the theory of allostasis to develop an integrative model of the current stress process that highlights the brain as a dynamically adapting interface between the changing environment and the biological self. We review evidence that the core emotional regions of the brain constitute the primary mediator of the well-established association…
Descriptors: Coping, Genetics, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Models
Wolf, Robert Christian; Sambataro, Fabio; Lohr, Christina; Steinbrink, Claudia; Martin, Claudia; Vasic, Nenad – Neuropsychologia, 2010
Behavioral and functional neuroimaging studies indicate deficits in verbal working memory (WM) and frontoparietal dysfunction in individuals with dyslexia. Additionally, structural brain abnormalities in dyslexics suggest a dysconnectivity of brain regions associated with phonological processing. However, little is known about the functional…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Adolescents, Young Adults, Short Term Memory
Beaino, Ghada; Khoshnood, Babak; Kaminski, Monique; Pierrat, Veronique; Marret, Stephane; Matis, Jacqueline; Ledesert, Bernard; Thiriez, Gerard; Fresson, Jeanne; Roze, Jean-Christophe; Zupan-Simunek, Veronique; Arnaud, Catherine; Burguet, Antoine; Larroque, Beatrice; Breart, Gerard; Ancel, Pierre-Yves – Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 2010
Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the independent role of cerebral lesions on ultrasound scan, and several other neonatal and obstetric factors, as potential predictors of cerebral palsy (CP) in a large population-based cohort of very preterm infants. Method: As part of EPIPAGE, a population-based prospective cohort study, perinatal data…
Descriptors: Incidence, Cerebral Palsy, Pregnancy, Premature Infants
Anderson, Vicki; Spencer-Smith, Megan; Coleman, Lee; Anderson, Peter; Williams, Jackie; Greenham, Mardee; Leventer, Richard J.; Jacobs, Rani – Neuropsychologia, 2010
Traditionally early brain insult (EBI) has been considered to have better outcome than later injury, consistent with the notion that the young brain is flexible and able to reorganize. Recent research findings question this view, suggesting that EBI might lead to poorer outcome than brain insult at any other age. Exploring this early vulnerability…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Injuries, Seizures, Pregnancy
Lemons, Christopher J.; Key, Alexandra P. F.; Fuchs, Douglas; Yoder, Paul J.; Fuchs, Lynn S.; Compton, Donald L.; Williams, Susan M.; Bouton, Bobette – Learning and Individual Differences, 2010
The purpose of this study was to determine if event-related potential (ERP) data collected during three reading-related tasks (Letter Sound Matching, Nonword Rhyming, and Nonword Reading) could be used to predict short-term reading growth on a curriculum-based measure of word identification fluency over 19 weeks in a sample of 29 first-grade…
Descriptors: Reading Strategies, Diagnostic Tests, Reading Skills, Task Analysis
Download full textBonomo, Virginia – Educational Horizons, 2010
Research indicates that gender influences how children learn. Those findings do not necessarily mean that boys learn one way and girls another. Still, there are significant differences with respect to gender and how our brains develop. Researchers have found that no single area of development influences those gender differences: rather, a…
Descriptors: Elementary Education, Females, Brain, Gender Differences
Depue, B. E.; Burgess, G. C.; Willcutt, E. G.; Ruzic, L.; Banich, M. T. – Neuropsychologia, 2010
Studies of inhibitory control have focused on inhibition of motor responses. Individuals with ADHD consistently show reductions in inhibitory control and exhibit reduced activity of rLPFC activity compared to controls when performing such tasks. Recently these same brain regions have been implicated in the inhibition of memory retrieval. The…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Inhibition, Memory, Severity (of Disability)
Rueda, M. Rosario; Checa, Purificacion; Rothbart, Mary K. – Early Education and Development, 2010
Research Findings: Part of the attention system of the brain is involved in the control of thoughts, emotions, and behavior. As attentional control develops, children are more able to control cognition and responses flexibly and to adjust their behavior in social interactions better. In this article, we discuss evidence from different levels of…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Academic Achievement, Parents, Brain
