The purpose of study was to investigate the impact of pre-surgical Infant Orthopaedics (IO) on consonant production at 18 months of age in children with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate (UCLP) and to compare the consonant production to that of age-matched children without clefts. The first ten children in a consecutive series of 20 with UCLP…

This study examined the acoustic characteristics of vowels produced by speakers with partial glossectomy. Acoustic variables investigated included first formant (F1) frequency, second formant (F2) frequency, F1 range, F2 range and vowel space area. Data from the speakers with partial glossectomy were compared with age- and gender-matched controls.…

An instrument for measuring and tracking changes in auditory skill development over time was developed for use with a group of children with profound deafness who received a MED-EL COMBI 40+ cochlear implant. The aim of this paper is to describe the use of this instrument, the "Checklist of Auditory Communication Skills", and to present results…

Combined activation of dopamine D1- and NMDA-glutamate receptors in the nucleus accumbens has been strongly implicated in instrumental learning, the process in which an individual learns that a specific action has a wanted outcome. To assess dopaminergic activity, we presented rats with two sessions (30 trials each) of a one-lever appetitive…

The cannabinoid CB1 receptor has been shown to be critically involved in the extinction of fear memory. Systemic injection of a CB1 receptor antagonist prior to extinction training blocked extinction. Conversely, administration of the cannabinoid uptake inhibitor AM404 facilitated extinction in a dose-dependent manner. Here we show that bilateral…

Work in progress is reported for a research project aiming to improve multiprofessional teamworking in operating theatres through iterative educational intervention. Experimental design is combined with collaborative inquiry. The hypothesis is: will planned, complex educational intervention focused upon improving communication in teamwork lead to…

The functional determinants for a good speech outcome after a partial tongue resection and reconstruction are not well established. The purpose of the present study was to assess the protrusion, grooving and symmetry of the tongue during sustained speech sound production using three-dimensional ultrasound. The participants were twelve normal…

In the present study, language development of Dutch children with a cochlear implant (CI) in a bilingual educational setting and Flemish children with a CI in a dominantly monolingual educational setting is compared. In addition, we compared the development of spoken language with the development of sign language in Dutch children. Eighteen…

The book presents information for parents of children and young adults with cancer. The first section outlines aspects of the disease itself and considers characteristics of leukemia and solid tumors. Hospitalization and such treatments as chemotherapy and radiation are considered. Common health issues (including diet, dental care, bleeding, and…

To provide for greater integration in the acquisition of psychological and clinical skills in medical education, an experimental interdepartmental course in clinical surgery and psychiatry was offered by the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. Procedures and content for the successful 8-week course are described and evaluation data…

Students in undergraduate surgery at the University of Texas Medical School at Houston participated in a comparison study of bedside teaching and small group seminars. No special advantage for bedside teaching could be documented when two very similar groups of students were evaluated. (LBH)

A study of the content validity, concurrent validity, and predictive validity of a residency applicant ranking system found the system not to evaluate candidate criteria important to the faculty. The department adopted a new ranking system using a multimethod-multitrait matrix and based on a new set of desired traits. (MSE)

This issue, primarily written in French, contains articles by researchers in the fields of linguistics and social sciences and by health care professionals. The articles include the following: "The Collective Working Out of Medical Knowledge" (Lorenza Mondada); "Involvement and Constraint in a Surgical Consultation Room"…

This practical manual is designed to help medical officers in small hospitals provide safe and effective anesthesia for patients. Intended for doctors with at least one year of postgraduate clinical experience, it describes anesthetic techniques suitable for use in hospitals with limited resources. Chapter 2 describes fundamental principles and…