The authors discuss what it means to be a boy growing up in our society. They examine ways of responding to boys more meaningfully and explore what they consider are better messages for boys; for example, boys should be taught that negotiating and discussing are as appropriate means of protecting their rights as is fighting. (EK)

508 Sansei (third generation Japanese American) college students in California were interviewed to identify sociological correlates of Sansei activism; the Sansei were divided into four types based on the dimensions of acceptance versus rejection of traditionalism and involvement versus detachment from social issues. (Author/JM)

The study reported here was a preliminary exploration of variation in the attitudes, self-imagery, and opinions of the membership of four associations in which adult values, personnel, and resources stand social guard over processes of extended socialization and control of adolescents voluntarily associated together. (Author/JM)

Ethical development was investigated in a cross-cultural context by examining both the cognitive structure of ethical reasoning and the content of perceived moral norms in black Carib boys of British Honduras in the framework of stage theory. (Author/JM)

The political socialization of various African Kenyan leaders is used to illustrate the author's belief in H. G. Barnett's theory that the individual exerts an influence on the process of cultural change which is in opposition to Gabriel Almond's view that the individual is only a passive participant in society. (JH)

Age-related differences in imitation and recall were studied in children ranging from preschool to college age. Results indicated that children were more sensitive to vicarious consequences than adults. (ST)

The challenge to the curriculum specialist is to determine objectives for citizenship which consider the varied democratic principles and societal value demands, and to create a cooperative professional relationship between the college-level and school level curriculum specialist. (Author/KM)

A survey of student opinion reflects the influence of schools on the development of sex roles. Activities are suggested to learn the social science skills of data collection and interpretation in order for students to develop their own concepts and values of role, status, and socialization.

The reaction paper discusses two of the goals for social studies posited by B. Spodek: social knowledge and representation. Specific and concrete examples to enable teachers to translate theory into practice are provided. (Author/RM)

The purpose of this article is to examine the present academic milieu in terms of the relationship between social structure and the composition of student cultures in higher education. (Author)

This paper has been arguing for an education which develops in children the capacity to work out their own authentic response to the many conflicting socialization pressures. (Author)

Assesses the significance of data on childhood political learning to political theory by testing the structuring principle,'' considered one of the central assumptions of political socialization research. This principle asserts that basic orientations acquired during childhood structure the later learning of specific issue beliefs.'' The…

Neither ignorance and fantasy nor the sense that the subjects of this study (both Negro and white children) have been labeled and consigned to a brutish existence have, in fact, shaped their approach to a career; special processes of socialization and of communication lead to the setting of high but not unrealistic goals. (Authors)

Discusses the need for liberation from culturally imposed roles that are restrictively narrow and unresponsive to the challenges and opportunities of contemporary life. (Author)

A four choice discrimination problem was used to examine imitative behavior in children matched in mental age but differing in chronological age. The finding that older children imitated less than younger children is discussed in terms of socialization. (DP)