Forty first graders and 40 fifth graders were asked to allocate a limited number of rewards to two children working on identical tasks. Four experimental conditions were established by varying the workers' relative productivity and effort on the task. Fifth graders were generally found to utilize the norm of equity more than first graders in…

This research derives from the proposition that a helping relationship influences the helper's perceptions of the recipient, and that the perceptual consequences are not necessarily positive. It was hypothesized that persons who help tend to underestimate the ability of the recipient. In a 2 X 2 factorial design, subjects (48 college males)…

The effect of variations in the organization of information and in contextual features upon comprehension of prose was tested using four tasks. Organization was varied to contrast hierarchical information structures and list information structures, and to test the effect of linking the structural components of the passage into a conceptual…

High attrition in technical training courses in Army Service Schools was found to be a major problem during the years 1962 to 1965. Data obtained at the U.S. Army Air Defense School showed that students who volunteered specifically for their training had significantly lower attrition rates than students of comparable aptitude who were assigned to…

A change commonly found in older persons is a general tendency for responses to external stimuli to be slowed. The document includes a review of theoretical approaches to the explanation of slowing on cognitive tasks that occur with age, and reviews the methodology of a two-part experimental study of 45 subjects. The study reports a…

Presented are findings from a computer analysis of 434 variables (including educational, social, medical, neurological and psychometric factors) of 201 5- to 19-year-old learning disabled (LD) children referred to a community hospital diagnostic program. It is explained that the variables were analyzed according to race, sex, and age. Among…

Two studies of perceived sex differences in performance on cognitive tasks are reported. In Study 1, college students (N=256) rated 34 different cognitive tasks on the degree to which they believed males or females would tend to perform better on such a task. In Study 2, college students (N=58) sorted the same 34 tasks according to how well they…

Effects of the number of individuals coacting while taking two standardized motor performance tests were examined. Increases in aptitude scores corresponding to increases in group size were predicted based upon the summation hypothesis of social facilitation theory. Results indicated a group size effect. (Author/BJG)

Reviewed is research pertaining to speechreading (lipreading) skills of the deaf and hard of hearing. (LS)

Measures of achievement motivation, scholastic performance, role conflict, and popularity were obtained for second and fifth graders. A positive relationship between achievement motivation and scholastic performance was found for upper graders with low role conflict and upper graders high in sociometric status. Findings for second graders were…

Concludes that eye-contact behavior is a key ingredient to an evaluation of the televised 1976 Presidential Debates between Jimmy Carter and Gerald Ford. (GW)

The study involving 70 deaf, 70 partially hearing, and 70 hearing children (10-16 years old) investigated the effect of lack of verbal language on development of deaf children's cognitive abilities. (SBH)

Subtest scores on the Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children did not clearly distinguish learning disabled children from other children in a study; a diagnostic model is proposed here which considers how a child organizes information in order to distinguish between content and behavioral deficiencies. (Editor/MM)

The achievement behavior of internally controlled college females was more affected by sex of partner and type of competition than that of males. Although internally controlled males achieved more than externally controlled males, internally controlled females performed better when competing against males or cooperating with females. (Author/BH)

The development of administrators is examined in the context of both job role and personal development. This development should proceed in the next few years to acquire some of the sophistication of the faculty development movement, both in terms of technical development and in the application of adult development literature to the higher…