Explored performance and strategies of children on three sets of LOGO tasks in which they copied a given LOGO figure and directed the turtle to a destination. Found that when the copy task preceded the track task, there were no significant performance differences in accuracy or efficiency of moves to reach the path's end, in contrast to reverse…

Revealed that 6-month-old infants are unable to access either an original memory or a reactivated memory after lengthy intervals. Despite the fact that their memory processing is more rapid during encoding and retrieval than that of infants half their age, their facility for accessing an original or reactivated memory is weaker than that of such…

Three studies of preadolescents and college students found that many children and adults failed to give logically correct answers when presented with misleading weight conservation questions. The results show the importance of suggestibility and context. (MDM)

Introduces this special issue. Discusses the analysis-by-synthesis principle of text-to-speech conversion; some classroom and research issues in designing "usable" computer texts; and the criteria of hypertext. Emphasizes the importance of the contextual aspects of text and hypertext and situated learning. (RS)

Examined whether active participation in the setup of a trick significantly affected the performance of young (mean 40 months) and old (mean 45 months) 3-year olds on questions concerning individuals' ignorance of and false beliefs about a situation. Results suggest that even young 3-year olds have the ability to understand false mental states.…

Examines the disciplinary patterns and practices of African-American parents (N=121). Results indicate that the context of the disciplinary episode influenced how African-American parents disciplined their children. Implications for counselor education and practice are discussed. (Author)

Suggests that human performance technologists need to have an analysis approach to support the development of an appropriate set of improvement recommendations for clients and then move to an action plan to help them see results. Presents a performance improvement model and a systematic approach that considers organizational context, ownership,…

Describes empirical investigations of people's use of relevance criteria. Highlights include a laboratory experiment and a naturalistic study that explored the patterns of movement in use of relevance criteria during real-time document evaluation processes; criteria patterns; and a classification scheme and criteria taxonomy that may enable…

Raises concerns about how context is conceptualized and researched in many current school violence inquiries, explaining that teachers' and students' understandings of violence in certain school subcontexts (hallways, bathrooms, and cafeterias) remains an under-researched area. Raises other concerns about lack of a philosophical discussion…

Examines the contradiction between S. Crowley and L. Faigley, who suggest that postmodernism has eliminated any role for linguistics in composition studies, and M. Nystrand, S. Greene, and J. Wiemelt, who maintain that research inspired by M.A.K. Halliday and M. Bakhtin promises to restore linguistics to a central place. (TB)

Emphasizes the importance of context within the curriculum when implementing the Big6 information and technology skills. Curriculum mapping is described as a means of gathering and displaying information about curriculum units which can then be analyzed to select units and assignments best suited to integrated information and technology skills…

Used multivariate latent growth modeling to conceptualize and analyze intra-individual changes in children's social skills and intraindividual differences in these changes in home and school settings for 378 children from kindergarten to grade 3. Results suggest that the nature of the intraindividual change in children's social skills may be…

Four studies assessed adults' latencies to signal they would respond to infant crying as a function of perceived infant distress and contextual information relevant to caregiving. Results suggested that adults' responses are influenced by both acoustic gradations in the cry and the caregiving context. Ratings of degree of distress may be highly,…

Discusses the trend toward ubiquitous computing and the challenge to enhance the behavior of any application by informing it of the context of its use. Defines context related to the interaction between humans, applications, and the surrounding environment; and presents a conceptual framework and a toolkit for supporting the rapid prototyping of…

Two studies examined whether preschool children would attend to object function over shape when labeling several familiar artifacts. Found that preschoolers attended to shape in all conditions, even when the artifact function was demonstrated. Their attention to shape was weaker when asked to "find another one" or to find another object…