The purpose of this study was to examine how learners with different levels of prior understanding of a topic interact and learn from computer-assisted video instruction systems when they have control of content, sequence, pace, and mode of instruction. Based on pretest scores, 80 subjects were randomly selected, half with low prior conceptual…

This study reexamines results reported by Angoff and Schrader regarding formula directions and rights directions for standardized tests. In that study, it was concluded that the two scoring directions were essentially equivalent. In this study, methodological concerns are discussed and additional data analyses undertaken. Among various…

The statistical properties of two methods of estimating gain scores for groups in quasi-experiments are compared: (1) gains in scores standardized separately for each group; and (2) analysis of covariance with estimated true pretest scores. The fan spread hypothesis is assumed for groups but not necessarily assumed for members of the groups.…

PERSONALITY TRAITS OF TEACHERS AND PRINCIPALS ARE EXAMINED FOR THEIR EFFECTS UPON TEACHER-ADMINISTRATOR RELATIONSHIPS. THE EDWARDS PERSONAL PREFERENCE SCHEDULE, THE NATIONAL PRINCIPALSHIP STUDY, AND THE ADMINISTRATIVE PREFERENCE FORM WERE ADMINISTERED TO TEACHERS AND PRINCIPALS FROM AN URBAN SCHOOL DISTRICT IN MICHIGAN. RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE…

The study examined whether significant rural-urban differences still persisted in selected factors affecting a community's fertility level. The factors selected were education, occupational class, income, and the participation of women in the labor force. Tested was the hypothesis that the educational development, occupational class, economic…

TO DETERMINE HOW SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS AND PRINCIPALS PERCEIVED SUPERVISORY STIMULI, A 36-ITEM QUESTIONNAIRE WAS ADMINISTERED IN 15 THREE- AND FOUR-YEAR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NEW YORK STATE, REPRESENTING A STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLE ACCORDING TO STUDENT POPULATION, GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION, AND STATUS AS A CITY OR VILLAGE SCHOOL DISTRICT. RESPONDENTS…

Theory and research regarding four levels of concept attainment and three uses of concepts as specified by the conceptual learning and development (CLD) model are described. Assessment batteries were developed to assess each child's level of concept attainment and also the related use of the concepts equilateral triangle, cutting tool, and noun.…

A pilot study to investigate the views of Sir Herbert Read on art education is presented. The views include: (1) Real art education (visual language) represents a group of stimuli-response behaviors which direct and shape us; (2) The policy of education through art is based on the hypothesis that the images we evoke in the course of any kind of…

This study investigates the differences among 65 instructors' performance in the San Diego State College Department of Elementary Education, according to their student ratings. Comparisons were made in relation to the instructors' employment situation--tenured and non-tenured; to their professional rank--assistant, associate or full professor; and…

Two studies of the effects of "Sesame Street" are presented. In the first case, the study tested two hypotheses: (1) "Sesame Street" can prepare poverty children for first grade; and (2) "Sesame Street" can narrow the achievement gap between the poor and the middle-class child. Twenty-four pairs of poverty children…

Describes an advice-giving computer system being developed for genetics education called MENDEL that is based on research in learning, genetics problem solving, and expert systems. The value of MENDEL as a design tool and the tutorial function are stressed. Hypothesis testing, graphics, and experiential learning are also discussed. (Author/LRW)

Describes study of 435 Israeli elementary school students to assess effects of open education on reading comprehension assignments. Literature on open education is reviewed, the hypotheses tested are described, results are analyzed comparing the effects of open education with the effects of traditional classroom instruction, and 46 references are…

Describes aptitude treatment interaction study that used the cognitive styles field dependence and independence matched with computerized algorithmic and discovery treatments to determine mathematics achievement on a criterion-referenced test. Posttest mathematics scores and student responses to the computer are analyzed, and mastery learning is…

Reviews study conducted to compare levels of achievement on final exams for college students responding to combinations of test-item feedback methods and modes of test-item presentation. The PHOENIX computer system used in the comparison is described, and the use of ACT (American College Testing Program) scores for ability comparison is discussed.…

Describes several tests for determining dominance of children's hands, eyes, feet, and thumbs. Discusses the relationship between hemispheric brain dominance and dominant sides of the body. Suggests that raising questions about generalizations can lead to new learning. (TW)