Reviews research on internal-external (I-E) locus of control expectancies and health attitudes and behaviors. The theoretical background of the I-E construct is described. Topics include I-E in relation to health knowledge, precautionary health practices, reactions to physical disorders, psychological responding, psychological disturbances, and…

With a sample of 54 lower- and middle-class boys and girls, ages 7 to 11 years, standardized procedures were used to assess time perspective, delay of gratification and future self-image. All measures were found to be significantly and highly related to socioeconomic status. The implications of the results are discussed. (Author/RH)

Discusses the importance of client styles, consulting modes, and development of relationships in the management of a process designed to provide better instructional alternatives. A summary of factors contributing to effective relationships is included. (CHC)

Women pregnant with their first child were observed interacting with an infant labeled as either a boy or a girl. Toy use and other maternal behaviors were examined as a function of gender label, women's attitudes regarding gender differences, and infant behavior. (Author/DB)

The present study eliminated many confounds by systematically manipulating the specific client sex role related variables of case history and symptomatology and presenting them to practicing mental health professionals in a setting that approximated their working environment. Little support was found for many of the widely held assumptions about…

In general the LD-B1 families (in which the learning disabled child was first-born) were found to be under the greatest stress, and maternal expectations were more likely to be inconsistent between the two children, with the mother underestimating the first-born learning disabled child's abilities and overestimating the normal second-born.…

To determine the generalizability of reading expectancy formulas in ascertaining mathematics expectancy levels, correlation coefficients were computed between the scores of 150 Ss (7 to 12 years old) with learning problems on standardized mathematics and reading tests and expectancy scores. Formulas correlated higher with Ss' actual mathematics…

Two explanations are given from a social perspective for disappointments in use of educational technology: lack of full consideration of the social context and nature of education, and teachers' resistance to technological advancement. It is hoped that such technology is soon extended to the social sciences. (MSE)

Investigates the role of behavioral expectations in open communication. Suggests that personal expectations of openness are strongly related to general predispositions to disclose and to exhibit open style, to expectations of others' open behavior, and to self-ratings of open behavior. Discusses implications of considering personal expectations as…

Investigated the relationship between individuals' cognitive characteristics and preferences for behavioral or insight counseling. Results suggest that clients' cognitive characteristics are indicative of expectations and preferences in counseling. Preference of more formal thinkers for insight counseling and of more concrete thinkers for…

Examines the interrelationship of demographic variables (socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and sex) and maternal orientations, and its effect on adolescent expectations and aspirations. Subjects were 190 Black and White adolescents. (CM)

The changing public attitude towards "total wellness" creates pressure for health educators to desert the basic problem-oriented research programs in favor of nebulous, unmeasurable, but conspicuous targets such as "holistic health." (LH)

Examines the potential for augmenting women's influence in male-dominated groups by increasing women's internal status (demonstrated competence). Suggests the use of internal status variables to alter patterns of interaction between men and women in decision-making contexts. (JMF)

Examined relationships between sex roles, domestic roles, and occupational expectations of American adolescents. Domestic and occupational expectations were intricately interwoven for females, but were relatively discrete spheres for males. Occupational expectations of adolescent females were related to both generalized sex-role attitudes and…

Describes a study measuring how student expectations of an abnormal psychology course affect their rating of professors. Findings showed a significant impact, especially in relation to popularized topics. Recommends evaluative instruments separating course-related factors from instructor ratings. (CK)