Investigated the role of context constraints on the course of predictive inferences during reading. Constraints were determined by manipulations of a context sentence that affected the extent to which an event was predictable. (Author/VWL)

Discussion of relevance in information retrieval focuses on manifestations of relevance within a system of relevance. Discusses intention, context, inference, and interaction; explains the concepts of affective, motivational, situational, and socio-cognitive relevance; and proposes a consolidated model of relevance manifestations. (Author/LRW)

This study first classified empirical measures that have been used to assess the social integration of employees with disabilities. It then aggregated findings describing social interaction patterns in employment. Ten categories of measures of social interaction were identified and occurrence of social interaction was found to vary by…

Presents a model of conceptualization and intervention for juvenile delinquency. Model includes the characteristics of the adolescent, ecological context in which the adolescent lives, and the interaction among these variables. Describes a specific integrated service, training, and research project based on the model. The project utilizes a…

Presents an analysis of affirmative action policy that takes into account students vastly different social contexts of choice. Defends affirmative action as necessary because of its role in combating oppressive educational structures, fostering more favorable social contexts of choice for students, and thus supporting self-determination.…

Summarizes a study exploring the effects of student confrontation on high school teachers' intended curricula. Examines the context of confrontation through 10 urban teachers' discourses. Teachers eliminated controversial content and even altered formal curricula to maintain control and avoid confrontation. Constructing a more meaningful learning…

Effects of qualitative researchers' competing self-identities on decision making in the research process are addressed and illustrated with examples from the author's research with African American/Latino, low- to middle-income families of children with disabilities. (Author/DB)

Results with 54 mice confirm that increased stimulation or usage, as would be provided by environmental enrichment (EE), increases peripheral nerve conduction velocity. These results suggest a role at the physiological level for EE (or deprivation) in affecting measured intelligence. (SLD)

Reevaluates the role of communication within the communicative approach to second-language learning. The article explores the consequences of using the notion of the speech act in the classroom, dissociating it from other speech acts, context, culture, and grammar. The article concludes that this approach may caricature authentic conversation. (48…

Discusses affective behaviors as complex sets of mental processes and actions that are affected by current context, past learning, and present need state. Highlights include motivation, emotion, and cognition; relationships between the affective and cognitive domain; and ways to achieve desired affective outcomes. (LRW)

Describes democratic dialogues in the context of a public high school by a history teacher and an English teacher who facilitated contrasting dialogues of public "in-powerment" and self/community empowerment. Analyzes these dialogues in terms of liberal and radical frameworks for praxis and shows the effects of school contextual factors.…

Studied whether high-stakes accountability measures are fair to all school systems despite disparities of wealth, community mores, and geographic location using data from Kentucky school districts including grade-level accountability data. Results help alleviate concerns about bias when using within-district gains to decide accountability, but…

Examined effects of contextual and individual differences on mothers' autonomy support versus control on homework-like tasks with their third-grade children. Found that mothers in the high-pressure condition were more controlling on the poem task. For the map task, mothers with initial controlling styles in the high-pressure condition were more…

Discusses theoretical and conceptual issues pertaining to race, ethnicity, and culture as they affect family functioning and children's development. Also introduces a collection of papers that address family functioning and child development among families who are diverse ethnically; racially; socioeconomically; and by geographical location and…

Much of the multicultural counseling literature has focused on counselor competencies. This paper discusses the importance of incorporating the client preferences and expectations into the multicultural literature. Discusses the effect of context on the client's perceptions. (JDM)