The verbal behavior of 16 female preschool teachers was videotaped during play in dyads with a nonverbal socially unresponsive autistic four-year-old boy and his nonhandicapped fraternal twin brother. Language to the autistic child was simpler, more concrete, and more often accompanied by gestures than language to his brother. (Author/SEW)

Compared attitudes and perspectives of Black college students attending a predominatly White college with those of students attending a predominantly Black college. Found that both groups expected to achieve higher economic and occupational status, though the White college was not seen as responding adequately to the needs of Black students. (GC)

In one study, male college students showed higher grade expectations than females, and grades were attributed more often to ability by males and to effort by females. In a second study, both sexes considered effort a more significant determinant of grades. Sex role orientation influenced academic expectations, attribution, and performance.…

Interviewed bereaved persons shortly after the death of a close family member and 18 months later. Respondents were grouped according to mode of death. The short-term chronic illness group made the most favorable adjustment. Sudden death and long-term chronic illness death groups sustained higher intensities of bereavement. (Author/RC)

Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of the Labor Market Experience of Youth, examined the aspirations and expectations of Americans aged 14-21 years regarding their education and future fertility. Found family background, social values, and sex role traditionality to be strong predictors of educational and fertility expectations. (GC)

Studied the direction and magnitude of error of expectations of parents who abused or neglected their children. Results confirmed that abusing parents are less knowledgeable about children's developmental progress than non-abusers. Differences were also found in parental expectations. (Author/JAC)

Searched for interaction between quality of counseling skills (presence or absence of empathy, genuineness, and positive regard) and physical attractiveness as determinants of counseling effectiveness. Attractiveness influenced perceived effectiveness of counselor's skill. Analyses of expectancy data revealed that only with good skills did…

Compared job applicants, and company recruiters who interviewed them, about perceived attainability of job expectations. Recruiters perceived higher opportunities for goal attainability than candidates. Both samples viewed higher opportunities for attainment of intrinsic rather than extrinsic outcomes. (JAC)

Five impediments to accurate clinical judgment are discussed: inability to assess covariation, influence of preconceived notions, lack of awareness of one's judgmental processes, overconfidence, and hindsight bias. Presents three strategies to minimize impediments' effects: considera- tion of alternative outcomes, increased attention to data, and…

Describes the Ann Arbor court decision, reviews current research dealing with teachers' language attitudes, and discusses implications for instruction. (MP)

The relative effectiveness of three measures of teacher expectations for predicting students' achievement was studied. Teachers' perceptions of student ability and the discrepancy between teacher-perceived ability and student-tested ability were related to achievement change. The amount of improvement the teacher expected was unrelated to the…

Observed changes in clients' expectations-perceptions over time and as a function of duration in counseling, and the relationship between perceptions and actual interview behavior. Results suggested before counseling clients focused more on the relationship than on expected results. By termination, perceptions of process and outcome were similar.…

Determined what kinds of experience seeking are related to drug use using Pearson's Novelty-Experiencing Scale, Pearson's Desire-for-Novelty Scale, and Vando's Reducer-Augmenter Scale. Drug use was most frequent among men attracted to unusual states of consciousness and physically thrilling activities. They were stimulus-intensity reducers, and…

The Labor Market Orientation (LMO) program responded to the problem of unemployment among Black teenagers. LMO provided classroom training which mitigated unrealistic expectations and served as an introduction to the requisites of the work world. The program was successful in providing a rational sequence of training and job exposure. (JCD)

Other-directed (interpersonally sensitive) or inner-directed (interpersonally less sensitive) students (N=80) observed a videotape of a person acting in either a role-consonant or a role-deviant manner. As expected, there was significantly less variance among the ratings when other-directed observers viewed role-deviant behavior than in the other…