This is the 12th annual listing of research on mathematics education. The research noted is alphabetically organized by author(s) within the following three categories: (1) research summaries; (2) journal-published reports; and (3) dissertation abstracts. Grade or age level is indicated for each reference. Included in the listing are studies in…

In a study that investigated differences in the processing styles of beginning readers, a Pictograph Sentence Memory Test (PSMT) was administered to first and second grade students to determine their processing style as well as to assess instructional effects. Based on their responses to the PSMT, the children were classified as either visual or…

In this anthology of readings, 28 scholars and educators consider the theoretical and practical forces that shape the concept of lifelong learning. After Ronald Gross's introduction, the first section begins its consideration of the Western tradition in adult learning with Plato's metaphor of the cave and includes Pico della Mirandola's essay on…

The 31 papers selected for presentation at the 1981 Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT) convention and inclusion in this document were subjected to a rigorous blind reviewing process and represent some of the most current thinking in educational communications and technology. Topics covered include aptitude treatment…

High school geometry students were presented lessons with either a high degree of structure or a low degree of structure. Structure was defined in terms of the frequency with which concepts were repeated from one sentence to the next. After the lessons, students were tested for comprehension of the material covered and then they rated the lessons…

This document views mathematics instruction as an area that was developed to deal with experiences of the real world, and that needs to change in response to the realities of today's world. To insure the continued teaching of significant ideas and skills, certain traditional topics must be deleted from the curriculum and new ones added. Teaching…

This paper studies the difficulties children have solving word problems that correspond to one of the situations modeled by multiplication; that of a ratio (e.g. "candies per box"), multiplied by an extensive quantity (e.g. "boxes") (I x E). Sixty children were individually observed solving and repeating I x E problems. Various…

The results from the longitudinal evaluation of over 2000 low income students involved in the Direct Instruction Follow Through Project between kindergarten and third grade are reviewed. Of the ten major education approaches evaluated, students in the Direct Instruction model performed highest in all areas of Math: (1) Computations (66%…

Sixty-six children in three classrooms were tested at the end of their kindergarten year and again at the beginning of their first grade year to determine the effects of summer vacations on the gain or loss of beginning reading skills. The Letter and Word Reading Test, which was based on a developmental model of prereading and beginning reading,…

The primary purpose of this investigation was to determine if a teacher's level of implementation of the direct instruction model would vary as a function of the type of feedback received during initial attempts to apply the model. Twenty-five elementary school teachers were randomly assigned to one of three treatment conditions: (1) nine worked…

ANOVA and Profile analysis were employed to compare the computational skills of high and low ability sixth graders during a decade of efforts to individualize instruction. Comparison of lowest ability subgroups demonstrated no differences with statistical significance in their computational skills. There were statistically significant differences…

Seventy-four high school seniors participated in a study that examined the construct validity of vocabulary tests and the nature of verbal ability by integrating findings and theories of cognitive psychology with those of differential psychology. The subjects completed three kinds of measurement instruments: (1) an experimental faceted vocabulary…

An information processing approach was applied to the development and validation of a test battery intended for personnel selection, classification, and guidance; and design of training programs. The approach specifies that tests should measure specific cognitive processes and basic abilities, rather than prior experience. Tests should be short,…

Two kinds of research groups have evolved in higher education: one devoted to student learning and the other to teacher training. Both groups share a common interest in the development of student thinking and appear to be proceeding along parallel paths, which may be to their disadvantage. At the same time, some researchers in teacher training are…

This personal progress report, telling where the author is and where he thinks the field of reading is, is a response to both the "know-more movement" (based on an explosive seeking of greater knowledge of the reading process) and the "know-nothing movement" (a systems-oriented movement based on tightly structured arbitrarily…