The article describes the Parent and Toddler Training Project, a research-based early intervention program for visually impaired and blind multihandicapped infants, toddlers, and their families in the Western Pennsylvania area. Project purposes include increasing infant social responsiveness, developing parenting skills, reducing family…

Provides information to identify and implement the key characteristics which contribute to an efficient and comfortable visual display unit (VDU) lighting installation. Areas addressed include VDU lighting requirements, glare, lighting controls, VDU environment, lighting retrofit, optical filters, and lighting recommendations. A checklist to…

Become a successful literacy leader and improve the vision of literacy in the classroom, school, and community. This book's six proven strategies will help the reader do the "peoplework" at the heart of successful leadership: Creating and communicating a vision; Modeling that vision; Experimenting with new ideas and taking risks; Nurturing…

A systematic program of visual stimulation involves identification of partial sightedness in the first year of life and appropriate challenges at every developmental stage for achievement in a world of functional reality. (Author/MC)

Paper presented at the American Association of Workers for the Blind (Chicago, Illinois, July 23, 1969).

New materials developed for young multihandicapped, visually impaired students by the Educational Research Department of the American Printing House for the Blind are reviewed. Includes a sensory stimulation art, prevocational materials, low-vision stimulation materials, and a home-based media program for developing critical skills in young blind…

Discusses physiological and psychological aspects of color. Includes guidelines for using color effectively, especially in the development of computer programs. Indicates that if applied with its limitations and requirements in mind, color can be a powerful manipulator of attention, memory, and understanding. (Author/JN)

Contributions that have been and will be made by science and technology in reducing the handicaps experienced by blind and visually impaired individuals are reviewed. The contributions are examined in terms of two major categories of handicap: communication and mobility. (Author/DB)

Using Jean Piaget's theory of spatial development, a study was undertaken to identify the development of spatial concepts in 48 blind, partially sighted, and sighted 4-to-7-year-old children through the use of tactual recognition of shapes. (Author/PHR)

Three studies used computer graphics and/or verbal questioning to examine beliefs among children and adults that vision involves input to the eyes (intromission) or emissions from the eye (extramission). Results showed decreases in extramission and increases in intromission beliefs across age. There were more extramission interpretations with…

Syntheses of research findings from major studies of school-based management (SBM) generate eight elements of schooling associated with successful SBM: An active vision, meaningful decision-making authority, distribution of power, development and use of knowledge and skills, collecting and communicating information, rewards for progress, shared…

Vision of 116 students, ages 6-19, with Down syndrome in the Brisbane (Australia) area was screened. Non-cycloplegic retinoscopy successfully assessed all the students for refractive error. Of the 99 children in special schools, about half did not show significant refractive error but 30 percent were farsighted, 14 percent nearsighted, and 21…

Two groups of deaf college students, including 104 deaf from congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) and 138 deaf from other reasons, received complete audiometric assessments and ophthalmological examinations. Degree of hearing loss did not differ between groups. However, 7 visual problems were found to be more prevalent with the CRS population.…

Based on visits and teaching experiences in more than 15 different countries, the differences in philosophies of education, changing attitudes in regard to persons with visual impairments, and service delivery systems are discussed. Stressed is the development of low vision services in recent years. (Author)