Examined correlates and predictors of risk-taking behavior in a sample of 278 African American women to explore risk-taking related to HIV infection. Women in this sample engaged in risky behavior for HIV and other health risks, such as smoking and substance use, and risk was predicted by individual and peer-related factors. (SLD)

Two marble-and-ramp experiments investigated whether a simple-to-embedded-rules account can explain changes in children's causal reasoning. Results indicated that the same difference between three- and four-year olds in the prediction experiment appeared in the action experiment, suggesting that the same rules may underlie causal action as well as…

Examines the relationship between the quality of marital interaction, both as perceived by spouses and as reported by outside observers, and marital instability and divorce in long-time married couples (n=436). Finds that hostility and marital warmth were fairly accurate predictors of which couples would divorce or be extremely stable or unstable.…

Investigated the importance of psychosocial factors in understanding the processes and developmental trajectories affecting academic achievement from school entry to 16 years of age in a high-risk sample. Based on an organizational-developmental perspective, school achievement was conceptualized as a salient developmental issue. Results are…

Accuracy of adult recollections of sexual abuse were compared for adults known to have been abused about 20 years earlier and matched controls. Results from 1,196 adults indicate substantial under-reporting, gender differences in reporting and accuracy, good discriminant validity, and predictive efficiency of self-reports for women. (SLD)

Used a curriculum-based measurement (CBM) of reading aloud from narrative passages to predict performance on statewide achievement tests in reading and mathematics. Results for 51 students (third graders in the second year of the study) provide initial support for the use of timed oral readings to predict students' performance on statewide…

The study attempted to identify activities performed by 47 job developers that positively or negatively influenced job placement. Variance in job placement was influenced by marketing activities, available job development time, use of specific client assessment procedures, frequency of use of trial job placements, and gender of the job developers.…

Describes an investigation of leaf relations including leaf perimeter and area using pink oak and red maple. Provides some instructional guides with typical data and graphs. (YP)

Assessed relationship of academic self-appraisal variables to Black students' college grade performance and persistence. Findings from 415 Black college freshmen revealed that expectations regarding grade performance and concerns about specific learning skills were related to college grade performance and persistence, supporting usefulness of…

Predicts that online searching in the 1990s will be characterized by end users discovering faster and easier ways to access information. Predicted trends that are discussed include databases designed for end users, pricing innovations, increased use of CD-ROM products, improved computer graphics, and the expansion of database products into the…

Describes recent advances in technology that have had a significant impact on library media programs and predicts possible future developments. It is argued that library media programs should profit from this technology without being overwhelmed by technological concerns, and strategies for obtaining this objective are suggested. (CLB)

Examines a variety of personal qualities usually found in creative people. Discusses many theories of creativity representing a variety of intellectual traditions, most of which predict aging decrements of some sort. Suggests that the creativity decline may vary, or that creativity may change rather than decline with age, with differing stylistic…

The accuracy of a risk index, based on reproductive, perinatal, and demographic factors, to predict learning disabilities was tested with full-term and preterm infants (N=156). Socioeconomic status, birth order, and for the preterm group, severity of illness in the perinatal period were the most significant predictors of developmental outcomes.…

Causal regression and time series models were developed using six years of data for home borrowing, average readership, and books consulted at a university library. The models were tested for efficacy in producing short-term planning and control data. Combined models were tested in establishing evaluation measures. (10 references) (Author/MES)

The Future Likelihood Inventory was administered to 30 15-year-old students. The same students were asked to take pictures and write essays on their lives at various ages. The methods revealed both independent and congruent information about perceptions of the future, suggesting multimethod approaches provide more information than the sum of…