The U.S. homeschool population is of similar magnitude to the private and charter sectors. It is also growing and diversifying, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite recent growth, little is known about parents who choose to homeschool their children today. Even less is known about why parents choose this type of education. Parental…

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) funds programs providing services designed to assist children with a range of delays and disabilities in achieving individualized developmental and functional goals. There are two types of programs. Part C Early Intervention is for children ages birth-2, and Part B Preschool is for children…

The purpose of this study is to observe the relationship between the partial or total use of Montessori education (ME) and academic (literacy, numeracy) and developmental (executive functions) outcomes in 105 French Kindergartners (children in preschool's final year, [M = 5.53 years, SD = 0.29]). We conducted a quasi-experimental study comparing…

Although there have been increased calls to prepare teachers with the pedagogical content knowledge to teach statistics, there are few stand-alone statistics courses for preservice teachers. Teachers across content areas need to be able to understand the data being produced about their students, their schools, and themselves. This article reports…

Drawing on the concept of the "literate environment," the authors conceptualise the numerate environment to explore the development of adults' numeracy. Numerate environments provide opportunities, supports, and demands for numeracy practices. Case studies of domestic energy bills in the UK and of the currency conversion process to the…

This Data Point summarizes trends in adult literacy and numeracy skills since the 1990s for the United States and for those countries that participated with the United States in all three international adult literacy studies over the past three decades: Canada, Hungary, Italy, Norway, the Netherlands, and New Zealand. Results in this Data Point…

Mastery of mathematical literacy is essential for developing life skills in the 21st century. Mathematical literacy is even more critical in elementary schools as it forms the basis for mastery at the junior and senior high school levels. Elementary school students differ in their characteristics from students at the higher education level. They,…

Nutrition facts are the details on food packaging that describe its nutritional value, including serving size, calories, macronutrients like carbohydrates, protein, and fat, and micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals. These facts have mathematical concepts that can be utilized as a context for prospective teachers to create mathematical…

Preschool students' mastery of early numeracy skills is important, so they enter kindergarten with the necessary prerequisite skills, which are predictive of achievement in later elementary grades. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a concrete-representational-abstract (CRA) instructional package on the foundational early…

Magnitude information, for instance, regarding weight, distance, or velocity, is crucial for planning goal-directed interactions. Accordingly, magnitude information, including numerical magnitude, can affect actions: Responses to small numbers are faster with the left hand than the right and vice versa (hand-based SNARC effect). Previous…

Background: The working memory (WM) system is recognized as a crucial cognitive function that underpins the acquisition of new knowledge and the development of foundational skills during childhood. Children's early literacy and numeracy skills lay the foundation for future academic success in reading and mathematics. While previous research has…

This qualitative research study uses middle-grades students' numerical reasoning to model their symbolic representations of the relationship between two multiplicatively related unknowns on an algebra task. Students in sixth grade through ninth grade participated in clinical interviews that assessed their numerical reasoning using the Number…

Empirical research on number sense to date has been conducted with preschoolers and elementary school students. Despite their contributions to the literature, these studies have used variable-centered analytic approaches that may prevent distinct number sense profiles for preschoolers and first graders from being identified. This study aimed to…

The Survey of Adult Skills is a product of the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) led by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The Survey of Adult Skills aims to measure the skills needed by adults to participate in society and for economies to prosper. The 2023 survey assessed…

This study explores preschool teachers' perspectives on their knowledge, awareness, and interest in Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic (VAK) learning styles within the context of teaching pre-number skills. This study uses a qualitative approach, by involving a total of 6 preschool teachers from Melaka to be interviewed to obtain an in-depth…