The modern school system has become overloaded with expectations, many of which simply cannot be met. A large part of the problem is that programs are instituted without planning, thought, or evaluation, and concepts like career education are taught separately instead of being integrated into the curriculum. Successful dealing with problems…

This paper addresses the discrepancies between expectations and the reality of the counselor's role in secondary schools and the problems of counselors who find themselves spending too much time in clerical work and not enough time in counseling students. The design and implementation of an effective secondary counseling program at Chapel Hill…

Two different methods for collecting course-specific data on class learning and growth are discussed. The first, Item/Student Sampling, is directly dependent upon assessing class performance both prior to and following instruction. This procedure relies on multiple matrix sampling techniques. The second method, referred to as Self-Report of Course…

Results of studies concerning socioeconomic inequality characteristic of student populations in most university systems and equality of opportunity at the point of university entrance are considered in relation to the accessibility of Ontario universities to students from low-income families. Important considerations in the design of such studies…

This paper focuses on the scholastic achievement of five cohorts of white, middle-class children as they progressed through their first grade year of an elementary school. Multiwave data on several hundred children were gathered, from just before they entered first grade to the end of that grade in an attempt to clarify the process of early…

The results of two student surveys were analyzed to assess the educational aspirations and occupational plans of the students. Comparison of the two surveys, one given to the 1978 freshman class at North Carolina Central University (NCCU), a predominantly black, state-supported university, and the other to the 1978 freshman class at Appalachian…

This project investigated the determinants of one's decision to take or not to take mathematics. Conclusions of the study include: (1) parents do have sex-differentiated perceptions of their children's mathematics aptitude despite the similarity in actual performance of boys and girls; and (2) parents as role models of sex-differentiated…

On June 26, 1976, the California State Supreme Court affirmed a 1970 lower court decision that the Los Angeles City Unified School District was segregated and school desegregation was ordered. The Supreme Court decision was of great importance to the large population of black residents in the district. However, unlike other desegregation efforts,…

This research examines the interaction between college students' control orientation and a discrepancy score of GPA minus expected grade in course, on the dependent measure of 13 student rating items. It was hypothesized that students with an external locus of control who also showed a discrepancy between expected and actual grades would distort…

A study to test the effects of learner control of the sequencing of instructional tasks when using computer-assisted instruction (CAI) systems is described. Using a series of CAI modules to teach the COBOL programing language to military personnel, students were able to control various aspects of their learning environment. Among the research…

Research objectives were to determine the extent to which ethnic variability existed in reference to male and female: occupational aspirations (type, level, and intensity); occupational expectations (type, level, and certainty); and anticipatory goal deflection. Data were derived from surveys of the following rural youth (high school sophomores)…

The study assessed the stability or change in the residential orientations of rural Mexican American youth living near the Texas-Mexico border, examined changes in the local social and economic environment, and made some predictions as to their effects on the students' dispositions. In the springs of 1967 and 1973, questionnaires were administered…

Final course grade expectations of students in two models of instruction (mastery and nonmastery) were investigated. The intent of the study was to examine expectations between groups and to analyze within-mastery effects on self-perception of performance. Using preinstruction grade expectation, postinstruction grade expectation, Grade Point…

This study examined: (1) the expectations of black and white lower class first graders for their own performance in reading, arithmetic, and conduct; (2) racial differences in the relationship between parental expectations and IQ; (3) correlation between the absences and lateness of first graders with reading and arithmetic marks and with parental…

Information collected on the 1,312 freshmen who entered the University of North Carolina at Greensboro in the fall of 1975 indicates that the average freshman is 18 years of age and that 78 percent are female, 96 percent are single, and 74 percent reside in dormitories. Other items of information include their academic potential and financial…