Much has been written about the adaptation from criminology of the "Broken Windows" theory of order maintenance in successful urban educational models. Yet, the manner in which the theory is written and discussed often misses the nuances and feel of the theory as successfully applied. This misunderstanding has lead to its conflation with the "Zero…

The norms of science define appropriate and inappropriate scholarly or research role performance. The four norms described in this study are (1) universalism: research is assessed on its merit, not particularistic criteria; (2) commonality: research must be made public and shared with the research community; (3) disinterestedness: research is…

Now that the school effectiveness field is maturing, more refined and contextually sensitive observations about schools are possible. This paper focuses on socioeconomic status (SES) as one social context variable demonstrating substantial predictive power in numerous school improvement studies. Instead of viewing middle class behavior as superior…

Prior research has indicated that a person attempts to conform to standards of correctness when objectively self-aware (OSA), suggesting than an OSA person will feel less control than a subjectively self-aware (SSA) person because the standards of correctness restrict the number of preferred outcomes that the causal agent self can produce. The…

This study investigated the effects of shared values and expectations on the behavior of 290 faculty members representing 34 departments at a large graduate oriented university. Responses to a questionnaire indicated the expectations the faculty member had for himself, those his colleagues had for themselves, and those of his employing institution…

In a survey, American Society for Training and Development members were asked to identify actual unethical training behaviors. Content analysis revealed six major categories: (1) inadequate professional development, (2) confidence violations, (3) use of cure-all programs, (4) dishonesty regarding program outcomes, (5) failure to give credit, and…

Tested social psychological model of fertility-related intentions in 708 Mexican-American women. Results indicated that attitudes and normative beliefs of significant others, weighted by motivation to comply with those reference groups, combined to explain significant proportion of variance in fertility-related intentions of Mexican-American…

Involving students in setting the standards and consequences of classroom behavior can help schools build a discipline policy. The six elements of a social contract are explained. (MLF)

Brief examples of the use of rules defining expectations in two high schools demonstrate the effectiveness of this method and that it is a useful and practical strategy for administrators. (MLF)

This paper addresses the issue of faculty ethics and begins with a summary of ethical principles previously adopted by the Academic Senate for California Community Colleges. The 12 faculty responsibilities outlined in this statement relate to: (1) discipline; (2) students; (3) colleagues; (4) academic institution; (5) community; (6) development of…

Despite concerns of the early care and education field regarding the applicability of performance expectations for young children, the advent of standards-based K-12 education and the level of financial support for early education has fueled the development of standards regarding children's learning prior to kindergarten entry. This executive…

This study examined college students' knowledge and attitudes regarding children's gender, and social and moral norms, and compared their evaluations of violation of each norm type. Participating were 140 female and 67 male college students ranging in age from 17 to 46 years, 33 of whom were parents. Subjects were asked questions related to toys,…

The fact that interpersonal conflict and subsequent resolution are primarily social behaviors between groups of people often becomes obscured by cultural norms. Professional counselors routinely encounter conflict in their work with clients. This paper provides an introductory discussion on the psychocultural aspects of conflict to assist…