Examines burnout and engagement among college students from Spain, Portugal, and the Netherlands using the Maslach Burnout Inventory Student Survey (MBI-SS) and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale for students. Overall, these two instruments may be used for such a purpose, but both instruments, particularly the MBI-SS, do not pass a rigorous test of…

Examines the relationship between psychological reactance and dimensions of functioning in the family of origin. Psychological reactance is the tendency to exhibit resistance in relation to one's freedoms being restricted. Results showed that 5 family dimensions significantly predicted psychological reactance. Results also showed that college…

Data from 18 studies were reviewed to investigate the relationship between ethnicity and eating disturbances, focusing on the relationship between African American and white women. Although white women had more risk of eating disturbances, the effect size was small. White women had slightly more risk for all eating disturbances combined. African…

Investigated the relationships among independent and interdependent self-construals (i.e., self-conceptualizations), dimensions of individualism and collectivism, and aspects of harmony control in a sample of African American community college students. Results from student surveys indicated that independent and interdependent self-construals and…

A qualitative study was designed to provide an in-depth understanding of the experiences and emotions of grandmothers raising their grandchildren. The grandmothers' stories revealed common themes of anger, frustration, loss, hurt, and depression. A key finding was that grandmothers who did not report depression had positive and helpful…

Examined relationship between multiple role involvements and adjustment to conjugal bereavement in surviving spouses (N=49). Data indicated a significant positive correlation between number of roles reported and adjustment score. The self-report behavioral measure of role involvements was a better predictor of adjustment than was sex, age, elapsed…

Career adjustment and personal adjustment are separate, but they can converge during periods of intense work or family stress. Adjustment following a difficult career decision is affected by risk factors as well as by personal coping resources. (SK)

Very little is known about the processes whereby people encounter and assimilate knowledge about the environmental crisis. The author raises observations and reflections on people's responses to this kind of knowledge. (Author/JOW)

Data on the relatively high prevalence of learning disabilities among populations of delinquents are presented, and three explanatory hypotheses are examined in the context of the research literature: the susceptibility hypothesis, the school failure hypothesis, and the differential treatment hypothesis. A multifactorial explanation is offered.…

Reviews the papers in this special issue of Early Child Development and Care on child abuse and neglect. The papers focus on theory and research, and on intervention, treatment, and prevention practices. (RJC)

A comparative study of competitive trait anxiety (CTA) among university male and female varsity athletes supports the proposed relationship of fear of failure and of evaluation to CTA, but suggests that the pattern of this relationship varies across age, gender, sport, and other variables. (JD)

This study examined rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among 109 severely maltreated children and their mothers. Results indicated a statistical association between a maternal diagnosis of PTSD and PTSD among their maltreated children. In addition, mothers with PTSD were more likely to have children with an earlier age of maltreatment…

Of 69 girls and 21 boys who had been sexually abused, approximately half were diagnosed as having posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD symptoms were related to the nature of the abusive experiences and exacerbated by feelings of guilt. Findings indicate that the impact of the trauma may be mediated (positively or negatively) by the child's…

Explores issues in the relation between love attitudes and age. Results indicate that the factor structure of responses to the Love Attitudes Scale is highly similar in college-aged and middle-age participants, and that age is related to particular responses on certain subscores, especially for females. The data suggests a relation between age and…

Interests denote a relationship between an individual and the environment. A focus on how a person uses an interest helps counselors trace an interest back to its private origins and forward to its expression in occupations. Interest inventories help clients conceptualize needs, values, and their expression. (SK)