California's 2020 Master Plan for Early Learning and Care gives the state's families choice among programs and providers--private or public, subsidized or unsubsidized (if eligible), offered in schools, child care centers, and family child care homes. This landscape changed significantly with the introduction and subsequent expansion of Universal…

Callous-unemotional (CU) traits are associated with severe conduct problems (CP) in youth. Causal theories for CU traits focus on emotion processing deficits that interfere with empathy development. However, though CU traits are consistently associated with deficits in affective empathy (i.e., emotional reactivity), the association between CU…

Objective: To determine the presence of overweight and obesity among minorities, and the factors contributing to this weight disparity. Participants: The study comprises 3405 students including nonwhite, international, and first-generation college students. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey collected data on demographics, height, weight,…

Background/purpose: The main objective of this research is to examine teacher efficacy in student engagement, instructional strategies, and classroom management and its relationship to gender, age, and length of teaching experience in a tertiary education context. Materials/methods: A qualitative approach was utilized to uncover the efforts made…

Purpose: This pilot study aims to examine the prevalence of test anxiety and its interplay with attitudes, confidence, efficacy, academic performance and socio-demographic factors within the domain of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) courses. Design/methodology/approach: The authors employed a quantitative, cross-sectional…

Purpose: This study investigates the level of Ghanaian youth's interest in Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) certification courses, using career outcome expectations and demographic characteristics such as age, gender and educational attainment, as framed by the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT). Design/methodology/approach:…

Measuring digital literacy (DL) across ages and tracking its growth over time have remained challenging in the area of digital literacy assessment. The current analysis reports on the psychometric properties of a performance-based Digital Literacy Assessment (DLA) instrument grounded in the DigComp 2.1 framework. Utilising a longitudinal cohort…

This report examines descriptive patterns in student absenteeism before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Virginia and North Carolina. The authors asks four questions: (1) How do absence rates vary across student demographic groups and years?; (2) What student characteristics (grade, achievement, race, poverty, status as an English language…

This study examined age-related differences in the effectiveness of two generative learning strategies (GLSs). Twenty-five children aged 9-11 and 25 university students aged 17-29 performed a facts learning task in which they had to generate either a prediction or an example before seeing the correct result. We found a significant Age × Learning…

"Place value," which underlies the meanings of multidigits, encompasses the principle of position and base-10 rules. To understand 65, one needs to know that the digits 6 and 5 occupy different positions and thus represent ordered values of different magnitudes (i.e., the "principle of position") and that the value of each…

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends autism spectrum disorder screening at the 18- and 24-month well-child visits. However, despite widespread toddler screening, many children are not diagnosed until school age, and delayed diagnosis is more common among low-income and minority children. Offering autism spectrum disorder screening at…

The purpose of this study was to examine exercise addiction and social appearance anxiety levels of students studying at the faculty of sports sciences in terms of various variables. There were 170 participants in the study. "Personal Information Form", "Exercise Addiction Scale" and "Social Appearance Anxiety Scale"…

Differences in the default mode network are among the most replicated brain-level findings in autistic individuals. Furthermore, subregions within the default mode network are associated with cognitive functions such as mentalising that are immediately relevant to cognitive theories of autism. Recent evidence suggests that the default mode network…

Today's dynamic change of the pupils' technological environment certainly affects their preferences towards technology, which may be important for planning, structuring and organising general technology education. This highlights the problem of general student preferences, which are not the product of current trends but the universal rules for…

The Early Communication Indicator (ECI) was designed to measure expressive communication progress in young children. We evaluated using the 6-min ECI procedure for a new purpose--a sampling context for stable measures of vocal development of young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We evaluated how many ECI sessions were required to…