A PROTOTYPIC GUIDE TO READING SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL FOCUSES ON THE COGNITIVE SKILLS THAT INFLUENCE ACHIEVEMENT IN READING. THE GUIDE PROVIDES EXPLICIT STATEMENTS OF THE FOLLOWING SKILLS -- WORD RECOGNITION, COMPREHENSION, STUDY SKILLS, SELF-DIRECTED READING, INTERPRETIVE READING, AND CREATIVE READING--AND A SPECIFIC FRAMEWORK…

SOME VIEWS ON THE ROLE OF LINGUISTIC SCIENCE IN THE DESIGN OF READING MATERIALS AND THE TEACHING OF PRIMARY READING ARE CONTRASTED. FOUR AREAS OF LINGUISTIC STUDY RELEVANT TO READING ARE EXAMINED BRIEFLY--(1) THE STRUCTURE OF THE SPEECH SYSTEM, (2) THE STRUCTURE OF THE GRAPHIC SYSTEM, (3) THE RELATIONSHIP OF GRAPHOLOGY TO PHONOLOGY, AND (4) THE…

THIS PAPER PRESENTS FINDINGS BASED UPON APPROXIMATELY 50 PUBLISHED SURVEYS OF COLLEGE READING PROGRAMS SINCE 1921. PROGRAMS VARIED FROM INDIVIDUAL, INCIDENTAL HELP TO COMPREHENSIVE COURSES IN READING IMPROVEMENT. NO SET PATTERNS ARE NOTED FOR LENGTH OF TRAINING, COST, OR AMOUNT OF CREDIT GIVEN. PROGRAMS PRIOR TO 1940 STRESSED STUDY HABITS,…

The Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC) is a multiple-choice test of English for non-native speakers of English. It consists of two sections: listening comprehension and reading. There are 100 questions in each section. Separate scaled scores are provided for each section, the part score scales ranging from five to 495 and the…

A large stratified sample of university undergraduate students differing in reading ability performed a diverse set of psychometric and information processing tasks in a study exploring the role of visual information processing skill as a component in reading ability. Using a correlation analysis of individual differences, the interrelationships…

The difference model of reading disability was used to generate three research hypotheses for testing the relationship between language development (syntactic maturity) and reading achievement at the secondary school level. This model assumes that reading difficulties are attributable to differences or mismatches between the reader's response…

Two hundred nine Puerto Rican students in East Coast colleges, from mixed bilingual backgrounds, were administered four matched pairs of deductive reasoning tests in Spanish and English. Measures of reading comprehension in these two languages were also collected. Results indicated that performance on logical reasoning tests in each language can…

This report examines taxonomies of reading comprehension subskills in light of a process-oriented model of text comprehension. Part One presents an outline of reading comprehension subskills in the context of a simple conceptual framework, summarizes the conclusions of several reading specialists and researchers as to what comprehension consists…

This issue of a journal devoted to teaching English as a second language, with emphasis on Israeli public schools, contains the following articles: (1) "The Analysis of Pupils' Errors," (2) "Subject/Predicate Word Order in English," (3) "Some Lesson Plans for Grade 4," (4) "Re-Thinking English in Grade 5,"…

This resource booklet for reading consultants and supervisors was prepared as a class project during a summer seminar in teacher education. The booklet provides discussions of the essential principles of reading instruction and biographical sketches of reading specialists recognized as experts in the field. The topics discussed include adult basic…

This study investigated the success rate and the type of teachers' responses to miscues during a six-month tutoring program. Teachers gave prompts, or cues, to help each child recognize unknown words, concentrating on behaviors hypothesized to encourage pupil success and independence in decoding. Previous research had shown that inservice teachers…

Sensitivity to story information that conflicted with expectations was examined in kindergarten, second, fourth, and sixth grade children. The children either read or listened to stories about familiar events. One story was consistent with children's "scripts" for these events, while the other story contained script-inconsistent information. All…

Word-recognition behavior of 50 high school students two or more grade levels below their age mates in tests of reading comprehension was contrasted with that of 25 controls from the same schools, who were reading at grade level. The experiment included a section in which pictures (flashed, like the words, at 1/100 of a second) were to be…

The relative importance of visual and auditory information in judging student comprehension during a reading lesson was tested by having 42 adult subjects observe videotape recordings of reading lessons with individual children and estimate student comprehension with visual information only, auditory information only, or both visual and auditory…

One method of delineating reading comprehension is T. C. Barrett's taxonomy, which contains the categories of literal comprehension, reorganization, inferential comprehension, and evaluation. In a study devised to test whether the categories of this taxonomy are hierarchical, a reading comprehension test developed by the International Association…