In nine articles, examines the phenomenon of leisure and leisure counseling from a psychological point of view. Discusses and reacts to the nature of leisure and its relationship to mental health and cognitive development, leisure counseling models, the role of leisure education in youth development, and future directions. (RC)

A method, involving the plotting of scores on a grid, was developed for use in comparing scores from the Gottschalk-Gleser content analysis scales, which have different Black and White norms. These profile forms can be used to pictorially examine psychological state or trait scores derived from speech. (Author/GDC)

Client expectancy of powerlessness can lead to actual powerlessness. Once counselors recognize that personal power is healthy and beneficial, they have to begin to structure institutions and agencies to encourage the development of personal power. (Author)

Examines, based on research from southern Africa, Northern Ireland, the Middle East, and the United States, the ways in which community violence affects children, their families, and communities. It reviews the literature, highlights recurring themes, and discusses the implications of this research for school and community intervention in the…

A study examined the effect of a 1-day outdoor experiential training orientation on graduate students' perceptions of stress. Fifty-seven first-year veterinary medicine students were surveyed before the fall semester and during final exam period. Several mood states, including anxiety-tension, vigor-activity, and depression-dejection were…

Examines how social workers may reduce ethical conflicts associated with efforts to address substance abuse by adopting a harm reduction approach to policy, practice, and research. Also examines current drug policies and their consequences and, in particular, how these policies affect social workers as practitioners, agents of social control, and…

Explored interface between preschoolers' socio-emotional characteristics and interactions with teachers during free play. Found that children who most frequently initiated teacher interaction behaved more aggressively than peers and were so rated by teachers. Children who most frequently received teacher initiations were more shy and anxious.…

Discussed are the principles of Gestalt psychology and the history and future of the movement. A comparison of Gestalt, Behaviorist, and Structuralist ideas is included. The study of perception, learning, memory, and thinking from the Gestaltist point of view is described. (KR)

Examines the impact that separation from family has upon the educational experiences of the Turkish migrant children in West Germany. Cites epidemiological research showing little difference between West German and migrant children relative to psychological disturbances. Discusses two case studies which indicate that there is relevant educational…

Gathered information from deaf individuals (N=14) about positive psychological and educational development of hearing-impaired persons. Identified six common variables: supportive family climate; frequent and diverse experiences; educational curricula promoting problem-solving, independence, and self-reliance; supplementary opportunities for…

About 26% of all children under age 18 live with a divorced or separated parent or with a stepparent. Since divorce is a crucial factor in the lives of millions of children in this country, this issue is devoted to its social, economic, and psychological impacts. (SLD)

Summarizes what is currently known about the potential, immediate, and long-term impact of child sexual abuse. The various problems and symptoms described in the literature on child sexual abuse are reviewed in a series of broad categories including posttraumatic stress, cognitive distortions, emotional pain, avoidance, an impaired sense of self,…

Factors which may affect school performance in children with asthma, including absenteeism, learning disabilities, psychological functioning, and medications, are reviewed. Recommendations are made to assist teachers in creating a classroom environment which promotes optimal academic and social development of students with asthma. (Author/DB)

Studied gender and career track influences on susceptibility to stressors. Results from 397 undergraduates show women studying for careers in traditional male professions were more susceptible to stressors than men with the same goals. Chronic job tension and home life events were stronger predictors of certain symptoms for these women than for…

Evaluated the relationship between abuse-specific variables and levels of depression, anxiety, and self-worth in a racially mixed sample of 134 sexually abused girls. Found penetration predicted a more serious outcome on all study variables, and an interaction effects between force and perpetrator's identity. (JBJ)