A group of 40 retarded (IQ 56 to 78) and a group of 40 normal subjects (IQ 100 to 115), each composed of 20 males and 20 females, 9 to 12 years old, were tested (1) to compare the differences between educable mentally retarded and normal children on a set of creativity measures, and (2) to investigate the extent to which the creativity measures…

To explore the independence, reliability, and validity of metadimensional measures, 112 boys were interviewed at the 9th and 12th grade levels to obtain self-concept data for an analysis of nine structural, self-concept metadimensions, and other characteristics of self-referent material. Self-referent sentences, defined as those indicative of…

Based largely on research in adult development and aging, these readings and discussion questions pertain to such aspects of development and adjustment in middle life as the following: individual differences in aging; biological changes through the adult years; changes in the physical senses (vision, hearing, taste, smell, touch, and pain)…

Maturation and education improve Air Force Officer Qualifying Test (AFOQT) scores. Since the AFOQT is given at different educational levels for the several commissioning programs, differences, largely spurious, exist between the programs. To assess differences produced by maturation and education, the AFOQT was given to 415 Air Force Reserve…

Noting the need for action to alleviate the illitaracy which handicaps half of the world's population and 11 percent of America's, it was emphasized (1) that the problem is particularly intense in urban schools where failure rates and nonreaders run from two-thirds to 50 times higher than in other schools; (2) that the percentage of retarded…

The Early Training Project, supported by the National Institute of Mental Health experimentally tested a developmental intervention program designed to improve the educability of young educationally deprived children. Three groups were randomized from a group of 65 deprived children born in 1958 in a small southern city. One group had three…

This pilot study was a limited exploratory investigation of certain aspects of visual symbolization ability in matched pairs of literate and illiterate adults. It was asserted that written symbolization serves as an economical means of reality comprehension and testing. This basic function of symbolization must be learned and accepted…

This study attempted to replicate the findings of Moore, Gagne, and Hauck (1973) and to test the developmental assumption of the two-stage motivational theory proposed by Moore, Means, and Gagne (1972) concerning the effect of combination expectancy-feedback communications. Fourth and second grade subjects were administered five pairs of these…

Discussion centered on three sets of factors that may influence the variability observed in "concept identification" (concept formation and discrimination learning) studies: stimulus characteristics, incentives employed, and subject characteristics. Stimulus characteristics are described in terms of the number of dimensions…

An application of the two-paramenter logistic (Rasch) model to tailored testing is presented. The model is discussed along with the maximum likelihood estimation of the ability parameters given the response pattern and easiness parameter estimates for the items. The technique has been programmed for use with an interactive computer terminal. Use…

The major question of this study was that if the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) Performance Scale was treated as the criterion variable, what other tests would give the classroom teacher similar sets of reading expectancy estimates for the identification of three categories of reader performance: disabled reader, probable disabled…

This book describes a series of studies included in a 5-year program of research on the social adjustment of school children in the third through sixth grades. The sample consists of a total of 40,000 children from Texas and Minnesota, including a small subsample of 5,000 used in a 4-year longitudinal study. Peer acceptance-rejection scores…

The report is based on a longitudinal study of a national sample of males in the high school class of 1969. They were followed from the beginning of 10th grade (1966) to one year after high school (1970). The most important determinants of unemployment among young men recently out of high school are family background and intelligence. High…

This study investigated the performance of three groups of educationally advantaged and educationally disadvantaged eighth grade boys on each of five measures of cognitive, linguistic, and intellectual functioning. The five measures included: (1) general intelligence, (2) field dependence assessed by an embedded-figures task, (3) level of…

Some studies of early readers are discussed. It is pointed out that study of early readers has relevance for practical and theoretical issues in psychology and education. Of interest in this document are the following questions: (1) Are there any special talents or traits distinguishing early from non-early readers? (2) Do children who read early…