Mokken models of monotone homogeneity and double monotonicity and the Rasch model are compared using data from 990 young adult examinees taking a Dutch verbal intelligence test--the Verbal Analogies Test. The model of monotone homogeneity was found suitable for basic testing; more sophisticated applications appear to require parametric models.…

A conceptual overview of the Regression Discrepancy Model (RDM) for assessing discrepancy between intelligence quotient and achievement scores is offered. Six RDM goals are identified, and figures from a RDM computer output show basic outcomes. Strengths and weaknesses of the RDM are discussed, without the use of complex mathematical descriptions.…

Presents a knowledge representation model that was designed for instructional decision making. Topics discussed include classification models for instructional design; artificial intelligence; semantic networks; natural language; and data models, including network and hierarchical models. An example is given of knowledge analysis for a secondary…

Discussed are expert systems development and teaching, the representation and processing of knowledge, knowledge representation in chemical engineering, and expert systems in chemical engineering. The seven phases of expert system development are illustrated. (CW)

Cognitive, academic, and behavioral characteristics of 42 children with learning disabilities were assessed from identification at age 6-7 to the age of 11.5. At endpoint, resource students showed a drop in verbal intelligence quotient and lower achievement compared to mainstreamed students, though there were no differences at the time of…

Examines issues related to establishing courses on teaching computing to humanities students and faculty. Reviews applications such as e-mail, word processing, databases, and hypermedia-based instruction. Concludes that much research is needed in artificial intelligence and machine modeling of the human mind. (CFR)

Describes the evolution and features of the instructional approach developed in Reggio Emilia, Italy preschools. Notes how the approach incorporates multiple intelligences, developmentally appropriate instruction, and an emergent curriculum; how children are encouraged to express their ideas in more than one medium or "language"; and how…

Uses case studies of students to outline the theories related to cognitive development and different ways of understanding what knowledge is. Organizes four sets of concepts: (1) the construct of intelligence; (2) different ways of knowing; (3) the nature of constructivism; and (4) the active, strategic process of learning. Contains 19 references.…

The predictive power of age and IQ at time of admission to an intensive behavioral treatment program for young children with autism were examined in a 4- to 6-year follow-up of educational placement. Results with 27 children showed that having a higher IQ at intake and being younger were both predictive of later placement in a regular education…

This longitudinal study examined the relationship between kindergarten word writing and Grade 1 literacy in a large sample of Israeli children. Kindergarten writing significantly predicted variance in all three measures of Grade 1 literacy, even after controlling for intelligence. Also examined the role of alphabetic skills and socioliteracy…

Reports on two training experiments in which it was expected that training in inductive reasoning would transfer to intelligence tests measuring inductive reasoning and on mathematics performance. Shows that transfer on intelligence tests as well as on mathematics performance was linearly dependent on the amount of prior training. (DSK)

A sample of 150 children referred to child-study teams were administered intelligence tests. One-third of White students and slightly over half of Black and Hispanic students scored in the borderline IQ range (71-85). Of those borderline students who subsequently received special education, the majority were served as learning disabled. (Author/CR)

Intelligence-friendly classrooms require a teaching/learning process governed by extant knowledge and theories about developing human beings' intellectual potential. Guidelines are based on setting a safe emotional climate, creating a rich learning environment, teaching the mind-tools and skills of life, developing learners' skillfulness,…

A teacher describes the frustrations of an intelligent, learning-disabled fourth-grader who cannot pass the Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System despite standard academic accommodations. The teacher advocates development of alternative or "nonstandard" accommodations and tests that assess students' spatial, problem-solving, and…

Middle schools represent challenges that strongly affect how much energy and focus students bring to academic learning. Kids must develop skills to resist inappropriate sexual behaviors and analyze stressful social situations. Schools should encourage students to develop certain developmental assets: appreciation, belonging, confidence,…