Attribution theory and gerontology would be enriched by the application of a life-span approach to attribution, involving increased attention to the age of the stimulus person and developmental factors associated with self-attribution. In studies on achievement attributions about older people, chronological age appears to be a more salient cue for…

This study examines the reactions of children and adolescents to stories about fictional boys and girls who act across three behavioral episodes in either masculine-stereotyped or feminine-stereotyped ways. Trait dimensions chosen for investigation were: (1) logical and steady versus excitable and emotional; (2) adventurous and risk-taking versus…

Twenty randomly selected subjects in inner city schools at grades 2, 5, 8, and 11 participated in a study that examined whether (1) the number of cohesive units produced in writing will be greater for older students than for younger subjects; (2) the use of cohesive ties in consecutive sentences (a measure of awareness of audience) will increase…

A total of 53 rural, impoverished children (37 aged 3-5, from a day care center and 16 5-year-olds from a Head Start Center) were investigated for influences of age and sex on early social behavior. Individuals were observed in 15-minute play sessions and assessed with a standard observational category system. (CS)

An auditory recall task involving central and incidental stimuli designed to correspond to processes used in selective attention, was presented to elementary school students. Older children and girls performed better than younger children and boys, especially when animals were the relevant and food the irrelevant stimuli. (DP)

Employment data from the 1960 and 1970 censuses were organized using the occupational classification system of John Holland to examine age, sex, and level differences in employment and to detect changes over the 10-year period. Data were organized by both kind and level of work in an attempt to answer the following questions: What are the relative…

This study was conducted to examine the developmental patterns in young children's ability to use others as a resource in problem-solving situations and to compare the roles that mothers and same-age peers play as resources for children in such situations. A total of 48 middle-class 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children participated in the study with…

This study investigated the effects of two stimulus manipulations (spatial distinctness and number of dimensions) on the performance of 24 kindergartners and 24 fifth graders in (1) tasks requiring distributed attention and (2) tasks requiring selective attention. Results suggest that kindergartners attempt to use one processing mode (distributed…

Research on the locus of control variable in recent years has been quite extensive; however, cross-cultural studies have been rather sparse in this area. Differences among adults from the United States (N=194) and India (N=376) on the locus of control variable as measured by Rotter's Internal-External scale were studied. Each sample included equal…

Discriminant analysis was used to explore the influence of the relative ages of siblings on their dyadic interactions, and to explore which interaction behaviors might discriminate among families and among interaction situations. Six dyadic interaction situations of 30 minutes duration were observed among members of 12 normal families. The…

Some older adults experience difficulty in decentering their own viewpoint on tasks requiring spatial and communicative role-taking. To examine the social perspective-taking skills of older adults and the kinds of strategies older people would suggest to solve social dilemmas, adults were interviewed about their typical interpersonal problems. A…

The present study examined the impact of an experience with adults in sex-role reversed occupations upon elementary school children's sex-stereotyped beliefs. Subjects were 68 children in first, third, and fifth grades from a parochial elementary school in San Leandro, California. The adult occupations test, a paper and pencil assessment…