Examined developmental changes and within-family consistency in parent-child interactions for mothers and fathers of 98 school-age children (ages 6-18) with mental retardation. Both positive and negative exchanges decreased longitudinally with age. Results showed fewer parent commands, less child noncompliance, fewer child negatives, and less…

A study of 122,824 students in grades 6, 9, and 12 found that physical and sexual abuse were associated with an increased likelihood of the use of alcohol, marijuana, and almost all other drugs. Use of multiple substances was highly elevated among abuse victims, and they reported initiating substance abuse earlier. (Author/CR)

A study that compared the receptive and expressive prosodic abilities of 30 Dutch children (ages 4-6) with language impairments to the abilities of typical children, found they performed less accurately on a prosodic imitation task but did not differ on an emotion identification task. Children performed better with increasing age. (Author/CR)

Discusses the use of e-mail by humanities faculty based on an e-mail survey of faculty at Brigham Young University (Utah) and the University of Tennessee at Knoxville. Results indicate that humanities faculty are significantly heavier e-mail users than previously reported. (LRW)

Studied preschoolers' and first through third graders' judgments about forgetting. Found that children believed central events of a story would be retained better than peripheral details; preschoolers and first graders believed memory was invulnerable to suggestion; and older children believed suggestibility and interference were less likely over…

Followed 150 children over four years who were classified according to cluster analysis of teacher ratings into four types of social withdrawal: unsociable, passive-anxious, active-isolate, and sad-depressed. Found that unsociable children had elevated sociometric neglect rates, active-isolates had higher levels of rejection, and sad-depressed had…

Two studies examined children's and adolescents' attitudes toward aggression. Found that boys viewed physical aggression as more hurtful than social aggression and girls rated social aggression as more hurtful. Girls rated an aggressor as more angry than did boys. Middle and high school participants viewed social aggression as indicating more…

Provides an overview of ethical issues related to social research with children. Sets discussion in context of current debates in Britain and explores extent to which children should be regarded as similar to or different from adults, particularly children's supposed position as vulnerable, incompetent, and relatively powerless in society. Offers…

Identifies techniques to help siblings develop mutual caring and lifelong bonds. Suggests parents consider the challenges of a new child, a child's perspective about a new sibling, timing of birth announcements and adjustment, the unique character of each child, children's age differences, and the gift of having siblings. (DLH)

Presents a study in which British students in Year 7 through Year 10 (n=170) completed a questionnaire that focused on their involvement in different types of bullying, what behaviors were regarded as bullying, and their attitudes towards bullying, bullies, and victims. Includes references. (CMK)

Discusses the main language policies that have been implemented in the Peoples' Republic of China since 1949 and presents the learning experiences of six learners differing in age and language backgrounds. Suggests individual learning histories reflect the policy changes. (Author/VWL)

A study investigated the degree of association between parent-reported language scores at ages 1,2, and 3 years, and the cumulative duration of middle-ear effusion (MEE) during the first 3 years in 621 children. At age 3, the cumulative duration of MEE significantly contributed to the variance in parent-reported scores. (Contains references.) (CR)

This study used a sample of 2,379 seventh through twelfth graders in 5 Protestant denominations to test the hypothesis that parental influences on religious faith are mediated through peer selection and congregation selection. Findings revealed that peer and parental influence remained stable during the adolescent years. Parental influence did not…

Assessed preschoolers' patterns of emotional expressiveness, emotion regulation, and emotion knowledge. Used latent variable modeling to identify their contributions to social competence, evidenced by sociometric liability and teacher ratings. Found that emotional competence assessed at 3 to 4 years of age contributed to both concurrent and…

A study examined age-cohort differences of self-reported child sexual abuse (CSA) experiences of 1,784 Australian adults. CSA was reported significantly less by younger males than older males. Among females who had intercourse before 16, older women were more likely to say they were an unwilling partner on the first occasion. (Contains…