Discusses and refutes Novak's arguments against Piaget's theory of intellectual development in favor of Ausubel's theory of meaningful verbal learning. (GA)

College students were asked to indicate whether they guessed, used memory, or thought processes when answering a multiple choice exam. The results indicate that the perceptions students have of what mental function questions require of them could be vital in developing types of questions to stimulate particular cognitive processes. (JMD)

Presents electrophysiological and behavioral evidence for a neural process related to storage in short-term memory. Predicting recall performance on the basis of the storage component of brain responses is presented. A list of references is also included. (HM)

Various hypotheses and opinions relating to cognitive differences between males and females are reviewed. It is shown that the largest sources of cognitive differences between the sexes can be traced to courses of study and other aspects of relevant experience based on outmoded sex role stereotypes. (Author/GC)

This research was concerned with a further exploration of the adolescent's capacity to think in formal terms about the consequences of suddenly changed circumstances depicted in literature. Implications for classroom learning are considered. (Author/RK)

The superior retention of superordinate ideas over time was replicated in this study which demonstrated the construct validity of a recognition test based upon the structure of a prose passage. A link was made between existing data on memory for prose and past theory: Ausubel's subsumption theory and Craik and Lockhart's levels-of-processing…

High cognitive processing capacity (CPC) students were superior to low-CPC students in prose learning. Of the four learning modes--programmed instruction (PI), control, chunking study outline, and adjunct questions--PI was the most effective. Substantial CPC and performance correlations and poor long-term retention suggested that PI was not best…

A new method for separating affective and denotative meaning subsystems in semantic differential ratings of any homogeneous concept domain is developed and illustrated using personality ratings data. Possible applications of this method are discussed. (Author/JKS)

The relationship between knowledge and effective and autonomous thoughts and actions is explored with special regard to implications for educational curriculums and teaching. An educational program that concentrates on rationality without reference to creative autonomy, it is stressed, will impoverish the thinking process. (DS)

Beginning with the notion of language as the basis for all thought, this article presents a formal analysis of Unamuno's thought and its relevance to educational aims in modern culture, stressing that the goal of education is to draw the student into the background of meanings and feeling that constitutes his language that he might come to learn…

Two simple quantitative models were derived from a series of experiments which explored the role of information storage in working memory when performing mental arithmetic. The decay model is a tractable analysis of a complex task which assumes a decay process in working storage. Similar analyses are recommended for problem solving activities…

A sample of 278 students enrolled in an introductory statistics course was used to determine which of a set of cognitive and affective variables correlate with course performance. It is suggested that individual diagnostic profiles are useful in establishing prescriptive treatments designed to help students likely to experience difficulty in…

Reviews ideas and knowledge concerning the development of a cognitive understanding of the social world from preadolescence through adolescence. Analyzes the relationship between social cognition and peer and family relations. (BD)

A sample of ninth-grade students utilizing the Intermediate Science Curriculum Study (ISCS) and other materials was used to investigate the relationship between cognitive preferences and science process achievement. The three cognitive preferences examined were: (1) application; (2) memorization; and (3) questioning. (HM)