Studied interviewer reliability, validity, and strategy for information integration. Candidates (N=412) for selection to a military division were interviewed and assessed. Results indicated that interviewers functioned in a similar fashion. Analyses of individual interviewers indicated higher reliability and individual differences among…

The effectiveness of having 51 students generate their own headings for scientific text is assessed. Results reveal that generating headings enhances performance on a number of recall measures compared to either author-provided headings or no headings. (Author)

The study investigated the extent of process skill achievement among a sample of recent Malaysian high school graduates, and the relationship of these scores to science scores. Among the conclusions is that the science tests placed little emphasis on the assessment of process skills. (MNS)

How writing skills are used in remedial mathematics classes to help college students attain better problem-solving achievement is described. Data affirm the value of the approach. (MNS)

Children need more than activities to help them see that the relationship expressed in a formula is true. Giving them the underlying principles will contribute to better comprehension, retention, and transfer. (MNS)

In a study of tests on diagnosis it was found that confidence measures of knowledge adjusted for reasoning were more reliable than conventional measures of knowledge, supporting the idea that knowledge enhances the ability to recognize the diagnostic entities, and realism is associated with fewer premature closures. (MSE)

Focuses on five human information processing abilities which cognitive psychologists anticipate must be accounted for in order to develop good computer courseware--memory and attention; language or text characteristics; graphics and visual processing; cognitive characteristics of user; feedback to users. A 31-item bibliography is included. (EJS)

This critique focuses on Gagne's attempt to apply information-processing theory to mathematics education, noting that this distorts what it means to learn mathematics. This is discussed with specific illustrations. (MNS)

A novelty preference method was used to examine memory processes in retarded persons. Recognition memory as indexed by novel looking declined over the retention interval. Since memory is being inferred from response preferences which reflect an induced motivational state, satiation, the relationship between this state and memory must be…

Three experiments investigated the conditions under which redundant verbal information would facilitate a listener's performance. Kindergarteners, first graders, and fourth graders were asked to select which of several groups of pictures a message (either redundant or constructive) described. Verbal redundancy was found to facilitate only older…

Piaget's theories of cognitive development are applied to the college student and suggestions are given for helping students at different developmental stages. It is proposed that teachers provide experiences that promote cognitive conflict as a means of moving students into new stages. (MSE)

Investigates the effects of predisposed and distinctiveness-based salience on children's classifications in 96 preschoolers and fifth graders given a classification task designed to reflect a developmental shift from integral to separable perception. (Author/MP)

Subjects were 73 first-grade children who were heterogeneous ethnically and socioeconomically. The purpose was to evaluate a component-skill analysis of the child's transition from the solution procedure counting-all to the solution procedure counting-on. The results provide a strong case for the proposed componential analysis. (MP)

In a recent issue of "Science Education" (v.63: 395-406), Stewart criticized methods for assessment and representation of cognitive structure in minds of learners and attempts to link these structure to content structure in subject matter being learned. Presents counterarguments to Stewart's position. (Author/JN)

Cognitive restructuring, or cognitive relabeling procedures, teach the client how covert verbalizations (e.g., "self-talk") become linked to and actually form the basis for emotional response. These verbalizations enable the school psychologist to determine if part or all of a negative emotional state is being maintained at the cognitive…