The current status of creating artificial intelligence (AI) in computers is viewed in terms of what has been accomplished, what the current limitations are, and how vague the concept of intelligent behavior is in today's world. Progress is expected to accelerate once sufficient fundamental knowledge is available. (MP)

General characteristics of gifted students are listed. Seven attributes that characterize the gifted pupil in mathematics are reviewed in detail. (MP)

Asserting that the mind of the creative reader operates precisely like the mind of the creative writer, the author examines theories of the psychology of poetic composition, in order to draw implications for the teaching of literature. (SJL)

Investigated the use of cognitive coping strategies in meeting the stressfulness of a testing situation and the relation of these strategies to performance and test anxiety. Rationalization and isolation were associated with better performance, preoccupation and resignation with higher anxiety and poorer performance, and denial with lower anxiety.…

Compared the effects of memory and growth training groups on memory complaints, memory performance, and affective status in the community elderly. Results indicated that both training groups significantly reduced concerns about memory and resulted in improved memory performance. (Author)

Investigates the combined influences of social and cognitive factors upon the pattern and level of information exposure of adults. Develops a model of information exposure based on parental socioeconomic status, sex, educational attainment, childhood use of print media, occupational status and complexity, adult print media usage, television usage,…

Discusses some reasons offered for the ease with which young children learn a second language. Children of kindergarten age can learn language in a playlike atmosphere in groups no larger than 10-12 children. Pronunciation is the outstanding skill, but comprehension and active speaking also show favorable results. (PJM)

Challenges the hypothesis that different linguistic codes are specifically related to different social groups, observing that children's language usage shows qualitative differences determined by the situations they face rather than by their sociocultural background. Supports this observation with an analysis of children's attempts to explain the…

Investigated (1) whether young children can extract a story's main idea, (2) how much they can recall from stories, (3) whether their recall is related to the main theme, (4) whether recall occurs in logical sequence, and (5) from which part of a story more ideas are remembered. (Author/DB)

A study of 46 sixth graders designed to compare the problem-solving performance of pupils using calculators with that of students not using calculators is reported. The argument that calculator availability facilitates problem solving is supported. (MP)

After a brief reminder of the essentials of the Structure-of-Intellect model, this paper points out what this model can tell us about the nature of learning, the imbalances in education and intelligence testing, about procedures for fostering intellectual growth, and about other incidental educational problems. (Author)

Besides linguistic and cultural components, bilingual education should include the "psychoinstructional dimension," that is, the dimension that includes a child's intellectual and personality traits derived from cultural and social class uniqueness. (Author/JM)

Three experiments on the coding and retention of kinesthetic (movement-generated) information were performed on two groups of mildly retarded children varying in mental age. (Author/DLS)

Two experiments examined the nature of access, storage, and comprehension of idiomatic phrases, using a phrase classification task. Results support a lexical representation hypothesis for the processing of idioms. (Author/AM)

A study used two-dimensional recall to identify the units of recall in the process of remembering, in order to investigate the correspondence of experimentally identified memory units to theoretically defined propositional units, and the correspondence of recall organization to story schema. (Author/AM)