Investigated counselor trainee's recollections of early family structure and current intergenerational relationships. Found trainees who remained relatively free from "triangling" patterns with parents reported significantly greater spousal intimacy, more individuation from parents, and less triangulation with children and spouses.…

Measures of perceived competence and perceived achievement were administered to 222 Israeli students with either learning disabilities or low achievement in grades 3, 5, and 7. Subjects were either in special schools, in special classes in regular schools, or in regular classes. Perceived competence was highest among younger children and the…

Investigated the relationship between identity and moral reasoning in high school and college students. Scores on a new measure of moral reasoning, the Ethic of Care Interview (ECI), were found to be significantly related to age, ego identity, and scores on Kohlberg's Moral Judgment Interview. The relationship between identity and ECI scores was…

Observed teachers touching 5- to 63-month-old children in a nursery program to establish baseline touching levels. Teachers were then instructed to touch children more frequently; and teachers', children's, and parents' touching was subsequently observed. Found that boys were touched more frequently than girls by teachers and peers, and older…

This study examined two kindergarten literacy frameworks (environment and events) and their effect on kindergartners' literacy development. Observations, interviews, and pre- and postmeasures of literacy achievement indicated that students in the emergent literacy kindergarten made significantly more literacy gains than those in the reading…

Examined development of concern and externalizing problems in children at three behavior problem levels. Found no group differences in concern at 4-5 years. Concern in children with clinical behavior problems decreased by 6-7 years. Greater concern at 4-5 or at 6-7 years predicted decreased stability and severity of externalizing problems by 6-7…

This study evaluated the validity of language-assessment instruments with Native American children, ages 3 to 5. Results indicated that the Preschool Language Scale-3 provides a valid assessment of the receptive and expressive language skills of 3- and 4-year-old Native-American children. However, use of this scale with 5-year-old Native Americans…

Describes a study comparing the performance of 61 adult (age 25+) and 95 traditionally aged (age 18-24) two-year college students in five remedial English and five remedial math courses. Indicates that age accounts for little variance in student expectations and that learner-centered classes had strong relationships with high grades. Contains 5…

Describes a survey of faculty and administrators at a research university that investigated faculty use of technology in teaching, motivating and inhibiting factors for participating in distance education, and understanding of policies on distance education. Presents a factor analysis of motivating and inhibiting factors and considers gender, age,…

This study examined developmental changes in lexical comprehension in 100 bilingual individuals at five age levels, all of whom had learned Spanish as a first language and English beginning at age 5. Although skills improved in both languages over time, by middle childhood performance was better in English, with this transition occurring earlier…

A study examined 233 children's ratings of attitudes and behavioral interventions toward a peer with or without autism. Both third- and sixth-grade children showed less positive attitudes toward children with autism. Children showed no differences on behavioral intentions. Information about autism did not affect ratings. (Contains references.)…

Examined ethnic attitudes in a multiethnic elementary school in Hawaii. Interviews and surveys in Study 1 revealed age-related differences in how children described different ethnic groups. Results of Study 2 (participants nominated peers to fulfill certain roles with positive and negative connotations) indicated some differences from research in…

Determined predictors of and prevalence rates for U.S. high school students who carried weapons, were threatened or injured with weapons, or were involved in fighting on school property from 1993 to 1995. Youth Risk Behavior Survey data indicated that gender, race, and grade predicted school-related violence. Males, minorities, and younger…

Fifty-six children (ages 43 to 83 months) participated in an event conducted by two undergraduates dressed as clowns. Ten days later, interviews found metamemory ability, intellectual functioning, and temperament were helpful in determining a child's capacity to accurately recall information, although for the most part age was the best predictor.…

This study investigated developmental changes in lexical production skills in early sequential bilinguals, in both Spanish and English, with 100 individuals of different ages whose first language was Spanish. A pattern was found of Spanish dominance in the youngest children, through relatively balanced Spanish and English skills in middle…