A STUDY WAS MADE TO ESTABLISH AND ANALYZE THE METHODS OF SOLVING INDUCTIVE REASONING PROBLEMS BY MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN. THE MAJOR OBJECTIVES WERE--(1) TO EXPLORE AND DESCRIBE REASONING IN MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN, (2) TO COMPARE THEIR METHODS WITH THOSE UTILIZED BY NORMAL CHILDREN OF APPROXIMATELY THE SAME MENTAL AGE, (3) TO EXPLORE THE…

A UNIT ON EFFECTIVE THINKING, WITH THE EXPERIMENTAL FOCUS ON INFLUENTIAL THINKING, WAS PREPARED AND TESTED. A TEXT, "EFFECTIVE THINKING," WAS PREPARED. AN INEXPERIENCED TEACHER USED THE TEXT IN A NINE WEEK COURSE WITH SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS. ONLY A POST-TEST CONTROL GROUP DESIGN WAS USED. THE TWO FACTORS STUDIED WERE TREATMENT AND SEX.…

THE MAJOR PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DEVELOP A COGNITIVE TRAINING PROGRAM DESIGNED TO INCREASE MENTALLY RETARDED AND NORMAL SUBJECTS' PERFORMANCES ON FLEXIBILITY-TYPE TASKS AND GENERAL INTELLIGENCE TESTS. A TEST BATTERY OF FIVE TESTS (STENCIL DESIGN, EMBEDDED FIGURES, PICTURE ANOMALIES, OBJECT SORTING, AND TELL ABOUT THIS), DESIGNED TO MEASURE…

THE DEVELOPMENT OF CRITICAL THINKING ABILITIES IS A PERVASIVE AND IMPORTANT OBJECTIVE OF AMERICAN SECONDARY AND HIGHER EDUCATION. ALTHOUGH CRITICAL THINKING ABILITIES HAVE RECEIVED RECOGNITION AS WORTHY EDUCATIONAL GOALS, FEW STUDY GROUPS AND EVEN FEWER TEACHERS ARE ABLE TO DEFINE THE MEANS OF INSTRUCTION THROUGH WHICH SUCH GOALS ARE REALIZED. IN…

THE WORK OF CERTAIN PSYCHOLOGISTS WHICH MAY HAVE BEARING UPON THE FIELD OF READING, PARTICULARLY IN COGNITION AND DEVELOPMENT, IS SURVEYED AND POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGY TO READING ARE SUGGESTED. A WELL FORMULATED PSYCHOLOGY OF READING AND AN ADEQUATE THEORY OF READING HAVE NOT BEEN DEVELOPED. INSTEAD, READING SPECIALISTS HAVE TENDED TO…

ASSUMING THAT SPEECH IS THE RESULT OF A NUMBER OF DISCRETE NEUROMUSCULAR EVENTS AND THAT THE BRAIN CAN STORE ONLY A LIMITED NUMBER OF MOTOR COMMANDS WITH WHICH TO CONTROL THESE EVENTS, THE RESEARCH REPORTED IN THIS PAPER WAS DIRECTED TO A DETERMINATION OF THE SIZE AND NATURE OF THE STORED ITEMS AND AN EXPLANATION OF HOW SPEAKERS ENCODE A SEQUENCE…

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CERTAIN INTELLECTUAL PROCESSES AND ACHIEVEMENT OF INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES FOR SELECTED MATHEMATICS TOPICS TAUGHT IN THE HIGHER ELEMENTARY GRADES WERE EXAMINED. INSTRUMENTS WERE CHOSEN TO ASSESS MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT AND INTELLECTUAL PROCESSES. THESE WERE ADMINISTERED BY CLASSROOM TEACHERS TO 765 STUDENTS IN THE FOURTH,…

This publication contains some of the papers and summaries of papers presented at the tenth conference of the Australian Science Education Research Association. Heading this collection are two invited papers by Peter J. Fensham and Colin Power which reflect the problems that confront science education researchers and which contemplate the future…

This study investigates (1) the relationship of two potentially valuable measures of sequential processing to each other and to a measure of digit span, and (2) the relationships among tests of sequential processing and other measures of cognitive functioning. Subjects were 188 first grade students who had been screened in kindergarten for risk of…

While reading has been recognized as a potentially useful and enjoyable pastime for the elderly, physical and psychological decrements affect the ability of the elderly to read. As the eyes age, near-point tasks become more difficult. In addition to reduced sensory intake, perceptual changes occur. The central nervous system slows, and data travel…

A study investigated the separate and combined effects of the syntactic organization of the sentence, the contextual framework in which a message is embedded, and the readers' past experiences on children's inferential reading comprehension of pragmatic cause/effect statements. The subjects, 144 fourth grade students, were asked to specify the…

The comprehension and recall of instructional text is heavily dependent upon the contexts in which information input and retrieval occur. College students (N=44) recalled the contents of a hierarchically structured text immediately after study and again six weeks later. Total meaningful recall was better when the superordinate concepts, or cues,…

This study explored what children talk about when they watch television as a means of learning more about how and why children verbally encode information. Preschool and third-grade children watched four animated television programs that varied in amount of dialog (one high-dialog, two moderate, and one no-dialog). Their comments while viewing…

This study examines the effects of three levels of visual complexity upon the learning of an instructional slide tape program about the functions of a human heart. The three levels of complexity were a simple line drawing in color, an illustration in color, and a realistic color photograph. The effects of visual stimulus complexity upon…

This collection of informational materials includes brief essays on library services due California children and youth, ways to help children develop thinking skills, and thrusts of parent involvement. Also included are a bibliography of books for use in helping children develop thinking skills, and a listing of resources available from the State…