A study was undertaken at the West Virginia School for the Deaf to test the assumption that the modes of thought of deaf children could be improved, and that improvement in concept formation would result in improvement in testable areas. Sixteen primary school children of approximately equal ability were selected and paired to form the control and…

One of man's most distinctive characteristics is the manner in which he stores and communicates information. Language has always been an important part of this process, but recently machines have begun to share the spotlight. This book presents a look at the role of language in the process of communication and man's relation, present and future,…

This study examined effects of inference quizzes on inferential thinking. A total of 213 grade 8 history students were randomly assigned to treatments within classrooms. Group R took eight weekly quizzes requiring recall of stated facts. Group I took 8 quizzes requiring students to draw inferences about interest groups. Teachers had no knowledge…

This paper is a preliminary report of objective test results made by approximately 300 poor and 100 non-poor kindergarten children and by 417 first grade children during 1968-1969. Tests administered to the kindergarten classes in the fall of 1968 and again in the spring of 1969 were: short-form Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence…

The purpose of this study was to determine how retarded readers differed from normal readers in the various ways laterality is manifested. An additional purpose was to investigate the development of laterality as seen across several age levels. Subjects were 80 white male 9-, 10-, 11-, and 12-year-olds from regular classrooms in suburban…

Piaget's organismic-developmental theory of intelligence was investigated in this study to determine the effectiveness of training middle class 3 and 4 year olds on two logico-mathematical structures: classification and seriation. Twenty-four children were divided into two main age groups (mean ages: 3 years 8 months; 4 years 5 months). Within…

This study examined children's preferences for three qualitative levels of thinking--abstract, functional, and concrete--in vocabulary. It was hypothesized that whereas older, more mature readers would choose abstract meaning, younger readers would choose concrete meaning regardless of the nature of the material, and also that a dominant cognitive…

In a discussion of human institutions and modes of conduct, a basic analytical shift from absolutism to relativism is noted. From this frame of reference the conceptual changes in mathematics, the sciences, and esthetics are reviewed. The paper also discusses the implications of this change for the psychology of human thinking and for children's…

Studies of recall and recognition short-term memory (STM) were reviewed, and a series of studies of serial recognition memory of normal and retarded children was described. In experiments using a recall procedure there were decrements in initial performance level with decreasing age and IQ but less evidence that forgetting occurred at a faster…

Intended to introduce teachers to the concept approach in teaching social studies materials, the five chapters of this publication discuss (1) a definition of "concept" and the term's relationship to facts and generalizations, (2) the function of concepts in the social sciences, (3) how concepts develop, (4) how concepts are related to inquiry and…

The acquisition of thinking skills is being stressed today by educators in all fields. There are, however, no clear and concise concepts of the different faces of comprehension which deal with higher mental processes. If the thinking skills are to be implemented, certain objectives must first be met: more research must be conducted in regard to…

This monograph is designed to provide technical materials for counselor trainees. Its purpose is to help fill the void of published technical accounts. The papers included are very personalized and void of research documentation. The format was directed at allowing professional counselor educators to share their own technical ideas. Included in…

To explore the possibility that the tendency to cluster during free recall reflects organizational processes that are central to the attainment of certain reading skills, 32 mentally handicapped subjects were asked to recall 20 words from four conceptual categories on four consecutive trials. For one group the words were presented in random order…

To aid school adjustment of children from low income families of Mexican descent, this program has developed new methods for teaching English as a second language while preserving and reinforcing children's use of Spanish. The classroom model emphasizes learning cognitive concepts and exploring the child's attitudes towards these concepts.…

An analysis of the relationship of language to learning, particularly as it affects "avoidance behaviors" of remedial readers in the classroom, strongly emphasized the importance of greater stress on oral language development. New concern for cognitive and personality development in children stresses the role of language as an interaction medium…