Compared scores on Survey of Inter-Personal Values (SIV) and Watson Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal between 25 elementary education, 25 special education, and 10 speech correction majors to examine critical thinking ability and interpersonal values. Significant difference appeared only on SIV Benevolence subscale. Discussed relevance for…

Theoretical implications of individual differences among infants in responsiveness to visual novelty being predictive of later intelligence differences are discussed. Issues discussed include: continuity of intelligence over development, relation of aspects of information processing to intelligence, role of hereditary and environmental influences…

Findings indicate that the comprehension of television by kindergarten and first graders, as well as their beliefs about the reality of the medium, are reliably linked with parental mediation styles regarding television and more general patterns of discipline. (PD)

Investigated time conceptualizations and delay of gratification capacities of 64 6- to 10-year-olds identified as impulsive or reflective according to performance on Kagan's Matching Familiar Figures Test. They were administered a maintenance of delay of gratification task, a time concept questionnaire, and several measures of temporal perspective…

This study concluded that homophily (the degree to which interacting individuals are similar in certain attributes) did not affect judgment grading or cognitive learning; however, some teacher/student combinations produced better cognitive results than others. (PD)

Describes a study that explored the collaborative writing processes of a group of business executives over the course of a year as they prepared a vital company document. Shows how context affected the writers' conceptions of their rhetorical situations and their writing behavior and how the rhetorical activities influenced the structure of the…

Presents a direct instruction approach to reading comprehension that stresses the use of three forms of knowledge--declarative, procedural, and conditional. Offers a sample lesson demonstrating the application of this approach for teaching a comprehension skill, and concludes with a discussion of how comprehension skill instruction in commercial…

Discusses what is meant by meaningful learning, the conditions necessary for meaningful learning to occur, the importance of vocabulary instruction to comprehension, and how to insure that vocabulary instruction is meaningful. (HOD)

Discusses three principles that characterize effective vocabulary instruction (contextual and definitional information, active processing, and multiple exposures) and describes how these principles can be used to modify and improve existing methods of teaching word meanings. (HOD)

Discusses two ways in which task analysis can be integrated with instructional design--substantive integration, where the type of task analysis is determined by design type, and temporal integration, where analysis activities are interspersed with design activities. Flowcharts, examples of and procedures for instructional analysis, and references…

The need to provide understandable problems and ways to help children understand problems are explored. An interview with a sixth grader depicts his incorrect strategies and leads to suggestions for teaching problem solving using a range of mathematical models for each operation. (MNS)

Describes the utilization of database management as a inquiry tool to aid higher-level thinking in a fourth-grade American Indian studies course. (MBR)

Computer-based information systems have evolved from emphasizing data processing to providing full and flexible support for management. They have moved from providing mere data to providing a medium for representing knowledge wherein managers can analyze data, formulate ideas, structure arguments, and building models. (Author/MLW)

Fourth-grade students' understanding of the order and equivalence of rational numbers was investigated in 132 interviews during an 18-week teaching experiment. Six children were instructed individually and as a group at two sites, with instruction relying heavily on manipulative aids. Strategies used to compare fractions were identified. (MNS)