Describes similarities and differences between modeling cycles and stages of development. Includes examples of relevant constructs underlying children's developing ways of thinking about fractions, ratios, rates, proportions, or other mathematical ideas. Concludes that modeling cycles appear to be local or situated versions of the general stages…

Compared the quantitative problem-solving skills of conceptually-taught and traditionally-taught introductory physics students. Found that students taught conceptually through peer instruction performed significantly better on quantitative exam questions for two out of three exams. However, the conceptually taught students were not as satisfied.…

Documents the experiences of two teachers and their kindergarten and first-grade students in working with calculators as an ongoing and integral component of their mathematical programs. Focuses on ways that the children and teachers use the calculator to develop ideas of number through explorations of numerals, counting, number magnitude, and…

Explores ways to help children make connections between whole-number multiplication and their notion of a fraction. Illustrates an approach to constructing fraction concepts that builds on children's whole-number knowledge using specially designed computer tools. (KHR)

Outlines techniques that teachers can use to help students develop base-10 numeration and other mathematics skills, using calculator explorations, problems that require strategies to solve, and group discussion activities. Examples of activities and problems for both primary and upper elementary grades are provided. (MDM)

Expresses concern over the current mathematics education of students and discusses mathematics as a language, including: reading critically, mathematical metaphors, mathematical literature, the nature of knowledge, and how one becomes mathematically literate. (MKR)

Describes the Workplace Literacy Project which teaches mathematics to remedial and special education secondary students through a combination of conceptual approaches and problem-solving exercises anchored in the students' world. The approach also incorporates the use of calculators and computer software such as spreadsheets. (DB)

Explores relative developmental influences of age, number-sense, and context on primary school children's ability to estimate measures. Finds that, although number-sense improved with age, estimation did not; ability to perceive number relations influenced ability to estimate area; and estimation was more accurate in textbook exercises than in a…

Compared arithmetic knowledge and calculation strategies of children in England and Slovenia in relation to existing policy and practice regarding school entry age. Found that English children scored significantly higher than Slovenes at age 6 on basic arithmetic; by 7 there were no differences. English 6 and 7-year-olds scored higher on…

Two experiments examined the development of children's understanding of part-whole relations. Found that five- and six-year olds evidenced understanding of part-whole relations, but four-year olds did not. Results support the conclusion that an understanding of the relationship between a superordinate set and the basic-level sets that comprise it…

Discusses the role of parents in fostering numeracy in their preschool children. Considers the importance of numeracy and includes suggestions for promoting numeracy among children ages 3-4 and 5-6 years. (JPB)

A study sought to ascertain the "official" conception of numeracy in Scotland as published in Her Majesty's Inspectorate (HMI) audit reports. 300 HMI reports on 300 primary schools were examined for references to computational proficiency and understanding of number. Segments signifying proficiency were significantly more numerous than…

Two groups of Chinese four-year-olds and their parents' interaction in joint activities were analyzed and compared. The children in Group 1 were high scorers in written number skills and the children in Group 2 were low scorers. Eighty-five dyads participated in four separate 15-minute joint activities such as book reading, mathematical work…

The article focuses on Fraser Institute's (Vancouver, British Columbia) "Report Card on Elementary Schools in British Columbia." The rating of a school is based on reading, writing, and numeracy levels for both Grade 4 and Grade 7 students, gender differences in reading and numeracy in Grade 7, and the percentage of students not meeting…

Young children's number sense is essential for the acquisition of higher number skills in later years. Most recent studies focus on children over 6 years of age only. To extend the scope, this study dealt with the performance of children aged 4-7 years in 3 cities: Singapore, Beijing and Helsinki (This study is an extension of the research of…