Supported by ONR Contract 4679 from the Group Psychology Branch, Office of Naval Research.

This paper presents a framework for understanding the various roles and structures for computer graphics in group communication, and discusses three basic types of design decisions that need to be addressed in using such graphics systems: (1) How are the systems to be intergrated in the group communication activity? (2) How are the systems to be…

AN OVERVIEW OF A SERIES OF STUDIES ON BYSTANDER INTERVENTION IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS IS PRESENTED. IN THE FIRST EXPERIMENT, TWO, THREE, AND SIX MEMBER GROUPS REACTED TO HEARING, BUT NOT SEEING, ONE MEMBER OF THE GROUP HAVING AN EPILEPTIC SEIZURE. AN INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF OBSERVERS PERCEIVED TO BE PRESENT DECREASED THE SPEED OF RESPONSE. WHEN…

Although listening is a major activity in small group communication, it has received minimal attention. Examination of several books and journals reveals a very sparse treatment of the subject. More attention should be given to listening because it is a key factor in a democratic leadership style and requires different skills than does listening…

This panel is based on the assumptions that: (1) group counseling has a valuable contribution to make, (2) group counseling is feasible in terms of time and space at local institutions, (3) group counseling is particularly concerned with affective material, and (4) group counseling probably cannot be conducted effectively in groups as large as 30.…

Studies of participation in adult education have included study of characteristics of participants in particular types of programs, and sampling of a population or area to study participants in various types of adult education; most studies are purely descriptive. Because of the limited scope of this research, studies of social participation have…

This book is an orientation to teaching designed to help establish a comfortable self-image and to develop appropriate skills. Readings and experiences are presented in the five-part text to aid in this orientation process. Part 1 discusses forming a group that functions as a support system, a human experience resource, and a source of feedback…

This study was designed to investigate the effects of group presence and arousal in deindividuation, a process that is theoretically related to performance of anti-social behavior. On Halloween night, 23 selected homes in Seattle, Washington, were prepared for experimental manipulation. All homes were set up so that observers could watch children…

In laboratory groups the consequences of positive, negative, and no leader feedback were examined following collective group failure. Results suggested that positive leader feedback, following collective failure, is a more effective strategy than negative leader feedback to increase group integration, perceived task motivation, and leader…

The group dynamics of therapeutic communities are very complex. This article describes how staff problems can negatively affect the program of a therapeutic community, and also relates the kinds of problems encountered in a therapeutic community to the problems encountered in rehabilitation programs in other settings. (Author)

While the present results suggest that a structured opening verbal exercise can positively influence reactions to a group discussion session, additional research is needed to determine both the exact role of anxiety reduction and the relative importance of the leader's own participation in the exercise. (Author)

Examined factors affecting congitive learning during a combined experiential-didactic group therapy training program. The overall goal for trainees was the acquisition of a cognitive model of group functioning, which can be translated into consistent leadership techniques. (Author/PD)

First area of investigation focused on whether a relationship exists between selected life-style characteristics of an individual and corresponding life-style characteristics inferred from observable behavior. Second area of investigation was whether a difference exists between levels of subject security, empathy, and genuineness in perceiving…

A conceptual framework is presented which allows a group to define some common objective in a simulation/puzzle gaming context. (DAG)

Results indicate Sex by Cognitive Style interaction effects with males more active and influential than females in field-dependent groups, males more active but not more influential than females in middle-range groups, and males and females equally active and influential in field-independent groups. (Author/MV)