The authors sought to test Homans' proposition that small groups inevitably generate a social structure which combines subgroups (cliques) and a ranking system. We present a graph theoretical model of such a structure and prove that a necessary and sufficient condition for its existence is the absence of seven particular triad types. Expected…

In this competency-based teacher education module, the participant is given the opportunity to work in a group where the focus is on feedback to the participant about his interaction with the group. The module is concerned with the participant's ability to share with others. It is composed of seminar groups and other group activities. (JA)

The objectives of this inquiry were: (1) to clarify the construct distinction between measures of peer rejection and low peer acceptance, obtained by classroom sociometrics; and (2) to establish an index of childrens' sociometric consistency behavior at varying age levels. A sociometric device was constructed and administered to obtain ratings on…

Twelve experimental groups were organized using ability and mutually positive attitudes among the three members of each group as criteria. Mutually positive attitudes were defined as group cohesiveness. Three different interaction patterns--competitive, competitive-supportive, and supportive--were established through instructions read to the…

A simulation of Cincinnati mass media system predicts frequency and reach of flow of messages from known facts taken from census statistics, newspaper and radio audience studies, and a content analysis of the press relevant to attitudes and opinions measured by NORC survey of the effects of a public information campaign on the United Nations made…

This Self Enhancing Education (SEE) trainng handbook gives suggestions for a 10 unit program. The training involves an introductory course of 30 hours, an advanced course of 30 hours, and a leaders course of 40 hours. Caution is given to the leader to allow the participants to commit themselves to SEE rather than the leader committing them, for…

In a community confrontation program with police and community members, group leaders face many problems dissimilar from those found in group therapy. Dealing with authority (police) was difficult when the leader held a low self-esteem. Dealing with very vocal, rebellious community members presented difficulties in accepting their reports as truth…

This study investigated the role of one factor in the dramatic conformity reduction produced by a partner who agrees with S in the face of group pressure--the independent assessment of social and physical reality provided by the partner. Two social support conditions, varying only in S's perception of the partner's adequacy as a valid reference…

The purpose of this paper is to suggest a comparative morphology of groups which would be applicable to the whole of social scientific research. The key to the morphological classes suggested is not a focus on the group system itself but on its relationship with the next higher system--the group system's environment. The information exchange…

This paper proposes a model for the long-term scientific study of encounter, T-, and sensitivity groups. The authors see the need for overcoming major methodological and design inadequacies of such research. They discuss major methodological flaws in group outcome research as including: (1) lack of adequate base rate or pretraining measures; (2)…

This book, written to instruct in the use of a conference as a medium of social intercourse, is divided into four sections. Section I, which contains five articles, deals with factors to be considered in planning a conference. Specific techniques one can employ to improve a conference and several different techniques for evaluating the…

This paper describes two experiments involving a game in which the effects of a strategy upon attraction are investigated. The first experiment investigated the role of one's partner's strategy and the subject's own strategy upon attraction among the players of a mixed-motive game; the second experiment was carried out as an extension and…

Two main problems were examined in this study: Does the providing of a direct formalized feedback experience to group participants accelerate their learning thereby producing greater changes in attitude and behavior? Does the group counseling experience produce a change in the participants' attitude and behavior? To measure behavioral and…

THE EXTENT OF CONTACT BETWEEN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCHERS AND THEIR COLLEAGUES IN THE LIBERAL ARTS WAS INVESTIGATED TO LOCATE THOSE ORGANIZATIONAL CONDITIONS IN UNIVERSITIES WHICH WOULD PROMOTE THE EXCHANGE OF THE INTELLECTUAL RESOURCES OF BOTH GROUPS. THE DESIGN OF THE STUDY INCLUDED SURVEYING THE CONTACTS WHICH EDUCATIONAL RESEARCHERS HAVE WITH THE…

This study examines how group size affects power structure. Elementary conditions under which human interaction generally occurs constrain power to equalize as the length of the interaction sequence increases and to polarize as the size of the group increases. (Author/DE)