Although research indicates that individual students benefit when they enroll in early algebra classes, evaluations of broad-based algebra acceleration often report negative effects. Using a regression discontinuity design, we replicate the positive effects of eighth-grade algebra placement on student achievement found in prior studies. We then…

Development of students' argumentative capability in mathematics supports deeper conceptual understanding and reasoning. However, young students often lack the prerequisite communicative competency. This study examines how one teacher supported students in building collective argumentation through an extended mathematical inquiry. Analysis of…

Background/purpose: It is an urgent necessity to identify geometric conceptual errors among students at different levels. These errors cannot be ignored, as they hinder the learning of related concepts. Teachers need to be aware of these errors, which are often embedded in students' cognitive structures, so that they can work on eliminating them…

Purpose: Despite persistent educational reform efforts, sustainability remains an ongoing challenge. This study examines reform sustainability from the perspective of math teachers in urban middle schools under pressure to improve. We address: How did teachers experience the sustainability of reform in the context of a 4-year instructional…

Food insecurity remains a crucial issue across the globe, including in developed countries. In this study, we examined the relationship between food insecurity and student math achievement globally. We used novel, student-level data from about half a million students in 65 countries that participated in the Program for International Student…

Children in Florida who will be 4 years old on or before September 1st of the school year are eligible to attend a Voluntary Prekindergarten Education Program (VPK), provided by either the public school districts or other private providers, regardless of family income. There are several different VPK programs, including Head Start, Title I, and…

The differences in gender have consequence on mathematics achievement. Nonetheless, the dominance in the performance of mathematics with regards to both sexes remains skewed. Thus, the current study sought to measure the impact of gender disparities on mathematics performances and investigate the attitudes and perceptions towards the learning of…

Computational thinking (CT) is a thinking skill developed and integrated into curricula worldwide in recent years. However, limited assessment is one of the challenges in integrating CT skills into the educational curriculum of developing countries such as Indonesia. This study aimed to develop and validate a CT assessment instrument tailored for…

We fine-tuned and compared several encoder-based Transformer large language models (LLM) to predict differential item functioning (DIF) from the item text. We then applied explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods to identify specific words associated with the DIF prediction. The data included 42,180 items designed for English language…

There is a growing body of knowledge on coding and computational thinking for young students in mathematics education, and several attempts to lower the threshold for learning programming and programming languages have been reported. This study focuses on the challenges of teaching programming in a linguistically heterogeneous classroom by…

Learning outcomes (LOs) represent a pivotal component of contemporary instructional design, particularly within the context of modular and student-centred educational frameworks. However, the increasing adoption of flexible learning pathways, micro-credentials, and cross-institutional programmes has created a critical need for systematic methods…

In this first paper of the Symposium: Strategies that promote inclusive mathematics education, we introduce the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) guidelines through a mathematics lens. Using a rapid review, empirical studies on mathematics and UDL in early years, primary, or secondary school settings were sought. Six research papers were…

Teachers play a crucial role as change agents in schools; however, research rarely positions teachers as the implementers of reform. Teachers in classrooms understand the complexity of their context and are well positioned to adapt professional learning to implement change in their schools. Multiple case study, one in Australia and one in Norway…

Productive struggle (PS) has emerged as a critical construct in mathematics education, emphasizing the importance of persistence, cognitive engagement, and conceptual understanding in problem-solving. However, inconsistencies in its conceptual and operational definitions have hindered its effective implementation and assessment. This study…

There is a growing consensus in research that children's numerical competence starts to develop at a very early age. However, there are few tools for screening the development of early numerical competence and thereby making this development researchable. One obstacle in designing such tools is that verbal utterances cannot be used as the primary…