The social process in clinical decision-making in emergency rooms was studied. Data from interviews and direct observation at two large urban general hospitals with busy emergency rooms staffed by medical and surgical residents are presented. Situations call for individual, consultive, or consensual patterns in making decisions. (Author/MSE)

Presents evidence that, contrary to popular assumptions, television viewing and learning both involve a high degree of social interaction. "Collaborative learning television" is proposed as a means of promoting learning by taking advantage of the social nature of watching television and the social nature of learning. Twenty-five references are…

Presents literature relevant to initial group structure and advances a model of group development based upon personal construct theory. The proposed model illuminates the relationship between initial structure and the psychological processes underlying group development. Research questions are posited to advance empirical tests of the model. (RC)

Examined the effects exerted upon compliance behavior by two types of dispositional self-conciousness. Subjects (N=65) were induced to make incorrect responses on a perceptual task by means of simulated group pressure. Results indicated that private self-conciousness was associated with the tendency to make judgments using internal perceptions.…

Describes an approach to leadership development which is particularly supportive of the needs of adolescents and reflective of a democratic style of leadership. It is an outgrowth of the High/Scope Summer Workshop for Teenagers, which helped young people acquire leadership skills through group membership and cooperation. (Author)

The author discusses the 31-year history of the Adult Education Association of the U.S.A. (AEA) and examines several of its features: the influence of group dynamics, role of the volunteer, and the AEA's redefinition of the role of knowledge-based agencies as agencies of adult education. (CT)

Determined the extent to which social workers participate in self-help groups and examined their role in planning, developing, and supporting the groups continued existence. Results indicated that social workers perform important functions in supporting the growth and continued existence of self-help groups. (RC)

Studied the gender-linked reactions of small groups to co-leadership situations. Results showed female co-leaders at a group relations conference for college students could be liked, but they were not perceived as having task relevant attributes. Group members' associations to gender were more powerful than associations of formal authority. (JAC)

Problems faced by a college dean in his first year are described and ways of finding solutions discussed. (JD)

Leadership development requires individuals and groups prepared to support one another for reasons beyond political expediency. (Author)

Carl Rogers and Robert Carkhuff maintain that learning is dependent upon particular human qualities in the teacher. In this study, students in adult learning groups rated group members on the qualities of empathy, respect, concreteness, genuineness, honesty, and helpfulness. Results indicated that students, especially adults, can realize their…

Transactional evaluation is a valuable communication tool for drawing out and resolving beneath-the-surface elements that hinder educational goals. (Author)

Satisfaction of participants in team sports hinges on psychosocial needs of individual athletes. Team affiliation creates a ready-made social structure in which emotional rewards of close friendships, motivation to achieve particular goals, and social reinforcement through personal recognition are granted. Other factors include: (1) team size; (2)…

Discusses the differential effect of career counseling. Presents a model for providing career counseling within a group process that incorporates the use of group dynamics and career planning strategies. Suggests approach enables individuals to enhance their readiness to make choices and to implement those choices in a flexible manner. (RC)

A course designed to teach medical students and resident physicians group process, functioning, and application is described. It was developed and taught at Michigan State University in response to a multitude of needs and opportunities in the area of medical education and practice. (Author/MLW)