Intelligence tests are really only systems of classification of individuals with reference to others. Thus with such classification systems it is impossible to interpret a deficiency reflected by test scores in other than a socio-cultural frame of reference. Some 150 Black and White seventh grade children between the ages of 12 and 14 were…

Specific cost areas are examined for 100 private, four-year colleges having a full-time equivalent (FTE) enrollment of fewer than 3,000 students. A questionnaire was distributed to each of the institutions to gather the data presented here. The purpose of the study was to compare costs and cost factors of small colleges. Five categories of expense…

In order to look for evidence of possible racial bias in six of the Navy tests for the Enlisted Advancement System, statistical data for a group of black personnel were compared with data for a selected matching group of whites. The first step was to compute item difficulty indices (the percent passing each item) for the black group, for the…

This report examines the resegregation of black and white students which may occur in desegregated schools due to differential enrollment and participation in academic programs and extracurricular activities. The report analyzes data collected by the National Longitudinal Survey (NLS) of 1318 high school graduating classes of 1972 throughout the…

A study assessed whether the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) equitably allocates its training, employment, occupational, and wage benefits by sex. To analyze the sex equity of CETA's resource distribution, researchers used data from the Continuous Longitudinal Manpower Survey (CLMS) for fiscal 1976, 1977, and 1978 CETA enrollees.…

British Columbia's (B.C.) performance in college and university education as measured by per-capita degree and enrollment rates for 1961 to 1980 is examined. The rates are obtained by dividing degree and enrollment counts by the numbers in the 18-24 year age group. Comparisons of the B.C. rates are made with the provinces and the national average.…

This research was designed to delineate the effects of the retention in grade process upon a child's academic, social, and emotional development. The primary purpose of the study was to identify characteristics of children who benefit from the retention process. The secondary purpose was to identify those factors from the retained year that…

The American College Testing Program's College Outcome Measures Project (COMP) Objective Test and Activity Inventory were administered to 93 Nazareth freshmen in fall 1980 and to 36 seniors in spring 1981. Results provided data on the actual level of student performance in relation to several key general education outcomes and comparisons of…

Statistical data on research and development (R&D) expenditures from the 1980 Survey of Scientific and Engineering Expenditures at Universities and Colleges are presented. Information was obtained from 514 schools and 19 federally funded R&D centers. In order to provide national totals for academic R&D expenditures, estimates were made…

The status of women faculty at West Chester State College, Pennsylvania in 1979-1980 was examined. The data permit longitudinal comparisons concerning: the distribution of full-time professional staff by rank, division, and sex as related to the national percentages; the number of student majors and degrees conferred by faculty, school,…

Student characteristics, opinions, and projections for fall 1981 entering freshmen at the University of South Carolina (USC) were compared to national norms, based on administration of the Cooperative Institutional Research Program questionnaire of the American Council of Education. Twelve areas of interest that were selected for analysis from the…

Equity within U.S. higher education is examined in three parts: Practices, Principles, and Policies. Public/private problems, attendance variables, and public subsidies to higher education are included in the Practices section. Part 2, Principles, discusses the place of philosophy, meanings of equity, remedying discrimination, and equality of…

Views of students and teachers regarding the characteristics of the "better" teacher were assessed, based on results from a parallel-perceptions survey conducted with students in three diverse institutions. Approximately 838 students enrolled in the 1970s at Harcum Junior College, Illinois State University, and Denison University…

A study analyzed the policies of 20 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) member countries pertaining to small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Aims of the study were to assess the current role of SMEs as generators and users of innovations, to analyze the components of a favorable climate for innovation in SMEs, and to…

A study investigated 35 third grade students' requests and responses in their reading groups to determine (1) whether peer instructional groups designed to differ according to reading ability do, in fact, differ on measures of reading achievement; (2) how the processes of interaction, particularly requests and responses, differ in these groups;…