Estimates of 223 school professionals were compared to currently available estimates and data, indicating that Ss held inordinately high estimates and that their estimates varied for different kinds of students (e.g., minority, low socioeconomic status, boys, and girls). (CL)

Determines what editors and editorial page editors of major United States dailies expect in the 1990s and beyond and what steps they are taking to assure their continued effectiveness. Finds that editors may change the approach, content, and appearance of their pages somewhat, but they expect them to remain vital into the twenty-first century. (RS)

The author, a South African, contrasts attitudes toward the academically gifted with those toward the athletically gifted and proposes that the high standards expected of the latter on the playing fields should also be expected of the former in the classroom. (DB)

Cites the opinions of several writers who hold that the results of educational and social research are obvious, then demonstrates that people tend to regard even contradictory research results as obvious. Concludes that the scientific method is appropriate for the study of human affairs. (DM)

Using expectancy theory, analysis of data from 113 subjects found that perceptions of procedural justice and the performance appraisal system in organizations interact with organizational citizenship behavior. Those who believe that organizaitonal citizenship behaviors are worthwhile, influenced by direct and indirect rewards, will do more of…

As readers experience narratives, they have ample opportunities to generate expectations about likely outcomes. We suggest that past research on such expectations has ignored the extent to which readers bring their own preferences to bear on those outcomes. In four experiments, we demonstrate that reader preferences can influence expectations for…

Relatively little research has studied emotional disturbance from a motivational perspective. The current study aimed to investigate personal goal systems at different levels of analysis, namely, personal goals, associated causal explanations and goal expectancies, as a function of dysphoria. Dysphoric (n=28) and non-dysphoric (n=28) adolescents…

The aim of this article is to move beyond issues of representation and to address how museum meanings are made on the ground in ongoing encounters between displays and the ideational worlds their audiences bring with them into the museum space. In particular, the author explores how contrasting expectations about exhibits can serve as an…

This book contains a compilation of papers presented at the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2019, organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.). Modern psychology offers a large range of scientific fields where it can be applied. The goal of understanding individuals and…

This book applies the author's easy but effective differentiation strategies to the data analysis and probability content standard. Taking the foundational elements of differentiation in this book, it helps you: (1) assess students' math abilities quickly and efficiently; (2) group children by need; (3) target instruction to meet every student's…

The well-documented aspiration-expectation gap refers to lower socioeconomic status (SES) adolescents of color expecting to attain occupations with lower pay and status than the occupations to which they aspire. Sociopolitical inequity, such as structural racism and asymmetrical access to resources, may explain this gap. This article examines the…

A long-running university-school partnership is the foundation on which LEAP UP, the Literacy Enrichment and Active Participation University Partnership, is built. Services learners from a variety of The University of Akron programs provide one-on-one support for struggling readers at Leggett Elementary School. Key to the program's success is high…

Purpose: The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between four patterns of distributed leadership and a modified version of a variable Hoy et al. have labeled "teachers' academic optimism." The distributed leadership patterns reflect the extent to which the performance of leadership functions is consciously aligned across…

Immediately prior to an exam, it is common to hear students commenting on whether they anticipate doing as well on the exam as they expect (or, in other words, whether they anticipate performing as well on the exam as the standard at which they believe they should be performing). These anticipations have received little past research attention. In…