Males showed greater self-esteem and predicted higher scores for themselves than females. No sex difference in actual performance was found. Homemakers predicted higher performance for themselves on the verbal test. Females' self-esteem was not related to their husbands' attitudes toward women. (Author)

Identifies factors significantly related to the postdivorce adjustment of women. Results indicate that women with more equalitarian sex role expectations were significantly better adjusted than women who were less equalitarian in their attitudes. Older women and those who had been married longer were also found to be better adjusted. (Author)

Recent challenges require demonstration of independence of effects of therapy procedures from nonspecifics. Logical tautology precludes demonstration of independence from some nonspecifics. Role of client outcome-expectancy as an interpretive artifact is questionable. The following three articles constitute an interchange of differing perspectives…

Teachers should think in terms of preventing discipline problems by carefully analyzing their own behavioral expectations, treating children in an adult-like manner, and being thoroughly organized for instruction. (JC)

Presented originally as an address to the Minnesota Association of Secondary School Principals, this article explores philosophically and practically what schools must do to be effective institutions. Discussion ranges from a definition of education and its several functions to individualization and competencies. (Editor/RK)

Regardless of income, families can provide a rich learning environment. A Massachusetts elementary principal has discovered several home conditions that promote students' academic success. Having high expectations and preparing children to work hard top the list. Other factors are close family relationships, reading at home, parent/school…

Reports results of three year study of more than 200 principals about the tensions between role expectations and reality. Analysis of surveys and interviews finds most principals having to deal with three pairs of tensions: Between instructional leadership and management tasks, between personal and professional demands, and between the principal's…

Meta analysis of interviews with 11 groups of four learners and their instructors identified the affective and cognitive content and dynamics of classroom exchanges. Reciprocity was not symmetrical: older learners expected to receive more from instructors than they gave; instructors received almost as much as they gave. (SK)

Course evaluations by 70 business students (viewed as customers) were interpreted using the concept of disconfirmation, the difference between expectations and perceived value of a service. The professor and professor's knowledge were the most important components of customer satisfaction. (SK)

Examines "alcohol myopia" (an increased use of alcohol in the face of increased negative consequences of use) in freshman college women with or without sorority pledge status. Increased alcohol use and alcohol myopia were present in the sorority pledge group. Both groups showed anomalous myopic behavior as alcohol use increased. (RJM)

Friends, family members, and others considering a partnership in the camping business should examine the compatibility of their values, attitudes, and personal work styles. Business arrangements between camp co-owners should cover issues of money and power, guidelines for unexpected situations, and planning for the partnership's end. Drawing up a…

Applicability of the Social Cognitive Career Theory was tested with data from 278 undergraduates (56% business majors). Social cognition variables (computer self-efficacy, self-efficacy beliefs, outcome expectations) were strongly related to interest information technology careers. Mastery experiences and affective state significantly predicted…

Examines a model of alcohol use based on the theory of planned behavior, and expectancy theory on the influence of parents and peers with older adolescents and young adults. Results suggest that, during adolescence, decisions to consume alcohol are rational, based on the consideration of the positive consequences of alcohol use; however, the…

In post-World War II United States, women were caught between competing patriotic, economic, cultural, and psychological ideologies dictating their behavior. Differences between these expectations and challenges to behavioral norms provoked tensions in women's education that lasted until the women's movement of the 1960s. (Contains 25 references.)…

Nursing faculty initiated a partnership with a homeless shelter through which nursing students experienced community nursing and health promotion. Lessons learned from partnership development included the importance of ongoing dialogue and negotiation and clarification of expectations and responsibilities. (SK)