A recent study in Michigan has shown that board chairmen and faculty leaders have widely varying expectations of the community college president's role in collective bargaining, that presidents frequently perceive these expectations incorrectly, and that while presidents generally assume the role of Board Agent, all parties prefer the president in…

The authors examine a number of assumptions about vocational counseling originating from the general public, test makers, counselors, and clients. These assumptions are enumerated to promote counselors' reflections on their own and their clients' vocational counseling assumptions. The article includes proposed working assumptions. (SJL)

This study was designed to determine what concepts Indian mothers have of the ideal child in terms of what they believe should be encouraged and discouraged and to compare the results with the concepts of parents in the United States and experts on creative personality. (Author)

Authors attempted to measure a few key variables associated with the Porter-Lawler (1968) expectancy model in order to determine its validity. (Author/RK)

A scale designed to quantify hopelessness was administered to several diverse samples of patients to assess its psychometric properties. This scale was found to have a high degree of internal consistency and showed a relatively high correlation with the clinical ratings of hopelessness and other self-administered measures of hopelessness. (Author)

Male college students were randomly assigned to one of two conditions of specific expectancy, in which they were told that they would find it either easy or difficult to self-disclose to a stranger interviewer. The JSDQ, scored for anticipated self-disclosure, but not for recalled self-disclosure, predicted observed performance. (Author)

As the United States debates what it expects of college graduates and how to measure the achievement of these expectations, the goals of students frequently are overlooked. Goals are what individuals hope to achieve and accomplish. Currently most colleges collect information about the broad goals students hold for attending college as they enter,…

This 20-month study describes an elementary school principal, John Meyer, and examines his leadership behaviors. From an effective schools perspective, the principal is seen as the white knight who "saves" the children by providing an effective school. John Meyer is known as a "turnaround" principal who came to Garvin School (located in a Missouri…

In this newsletter issue the stories of three Southeast Asian (Cambodian, Laotian, and Vietnamese) refugee women are told that describe their exodus from their countries to America and what their experiences have been, so far, in this country. The women also describe what they look for in their future. (GLR)

Alcohol expectancies have been found to predict later onset of drinking among adolescents. This study examined whether the relationship between level of alcohol use and expectancies is paralleled with cigarette smoking, and attempted to identify the content of smoking expectancies. An instrument to measure the subjective expected utility of…

The present study examined longitudinally the origin of a prior finding that mothers who perceived their infant's temperament as either "easy" or "difficult" exhibited a differential psychophysiological response pattern. Additionally examined were the pattern's behavioral correlates and relation to infant-mother attachment.…

Recent research in achievement has focused on sex differences found in locus of standards, conceptual focus, and expectations for success. To examine the nature of sex differences and their relationship to achievement domains, 439 college students (197 females, 242 males) were asked to write an account of an achievement or failure. They then…

A review of the research on pretherapy education for psychotherapy clients has found that pretherapy training has a positive impact on encouraging clients to remain in individual or group therapy. Pretherapy training has also been shown to contribute to improving client motivation and attitudes toward the therapeutic process. The evidence suggests…

Research into fluctuations in anxiety before and after a threatening event suggests that anxiety may decrease as the anticipated threat draws near. To investigate the experience of actual test anxiety (TA) compared to its anticipation and recollection, 502 college students completed 10-item alternate forms (A and B) of the State Trait Anxiety…