This study suggests that group leaders should be aware that group members enter at different levels of personality development. Members are likely to have group expectations for their personal growth. Group leaders should be aware of their own level of expected change. Leader expectations have impact on group cohension. (MFD)

Tabular analysis of responses from 595 elderly parents showed their filial responsibility expectations to be inversely associated with morale. Although the low income sample restricts generalizability, the findings suggest that in modern, urban settings high FR expectancies are inconsistent with high levels of morale. Implications for social…

Expectancy instructions were introduced six times during the four-week treatment, and effectiveness of these instructions was demonstrated with independent nonreactive measures of subjects' expectancies. An analysis of self-report, behavioral, and unobtrusive measures of snake anxiety revealed significant main effects for instructions, with…

Both news and public relations people have higher expectations for the skills and ethics of those involved with news media. (KS)

Presents a national overview of employers' and educators' attitudes concerning school leavers in Australia. Closer examination discloses a greater degree of symbiosis between educators and employers than is traditionally acknowledged. Moving toward shared objectives and cooperative agreements should further quash stereotyped notions. Includes four…

Presents a conceptual model for teacher supervision and staff development for both practitioners and researchers. Constructs can also be used to diagnose problems and plan appropriate strategies for professional improvement. The model offers researchers opportunities for analysis and hypothesis testing. Includes 16 references. (MLH)

Surveyed state rehabilitation association members to test a path model predicting desire for organizational involvement on the basis of breadth of expectations of the organization, professional identity, professional education, training satisfaction, and years in rehabilitation. Broader expectations predicted greater desire for organizational…

Examines aspects of the corporate world that may lead to a slowdown of automatic promotions: decrease in unemployment, rise in population; premature structural job plateauing due to high technology; higher expectations by more people (especially women); and failure by schools to keep up with changes in the work world. (CT)

Reviews two studies that explored people's expectations for success and how it affected searching in information sources. An earlier study, using pencil and paper format, was updated to use a computer-interactive format. A review of the studies in light of confidence assessment provides suggestions for designing computerized database interfaces.…

Describes a "high success," outcome-based education program at a Phoenix, Arizona, high school. Teachers there defined intended course outcomes, aligned tests and performance criteria, provided students with second chances and extra time to learn material, and raised expectations for the minimum acceptable performance. (MLH)

Investigated effect of negative information about aging on attitudes of 30 undergraduate students. Found negative financial information about aging had no effect on mildly negative attitudes toward older adults, but significantly lowered optimistic attitudes toward one's own future life as an older adult. An overview of aging following negative…

A comparison of two independent samples of legally blind and sighted high school students (ages 15-19) indicated that legally blind students generally had lower occupational, but not educational, expectations than did their sighted counterparts. Analyses revealed an unanticipated negative relationship between expectations and the blind students'…

The study compared the past and current work and work alternatives experienced by 383 disabled young people (aged 16-25 years) and 152 able-bodied controls in East Devon, United Kingdom. Also compared were the aspirations and expectations of the disabled with those of their families and service providers. (Author/DB)

Investigated effects of group motivation on group task performance. Created two levels of valence, expectancy and instrumentality. Valence variable reflected on group productivity on unstructured and task persistence measures. Expectancy variable's effect was on task persistence measure. Instrumentality affected group productivity on structured…