Previous research has indicated that locus of control acts to moderate the effects of stressful events. In this study the role of depressive attributions, negative outcome expectancies, and internal locus of control and their interactions with minor negative events in predicting symptoms of psychological distress were examined. Subjects (N=131)…

Research has suggested the utility of studying individual differences in the regulation of negative mood states. Generalized response expectancies for negative mood regulation were defined as expectancies that some overt behavior or cognition would alleviate negative mood states as they occur across situations. The Generalized Expectancy for…

The first 2 of the 12 publications reviewed in this annotated bibliography describe what principals actually do as instructional leaders. The first document reports on habits and values evinced by eight schools whose principals were viewed as proficient instructional leaders. Although several distinct leadership styles emerged, the ethic of…

Self-initiation of activities by individuals may have an affect on their mood. To study the relationship between the appraisal of self-initiated activities and dimensions of positive or negative affect 36 graduate students (22 female and 14 male) engaging in a total of 202 activities appraised dimensions of the activities and responded to a…

This paper presents a historical overview of the use of action research in education and describes the basic assumptions and expectations that continue to characterize collaborative research projects today. Action research was initiated in the 1930's by Kurt Lewin and adapted by educators in the 1940's. Interest in action research declined between…

Sixty-four kindergarten children were pretested for ability to conserve liquid quantity and on an original picture test of vocations, choosing a man, a woman, or both as suitable for particular jobs. It was observed that conservers made significantly more male and total choices than did nonconservers. (Author)

Historical antecedents are reviewed to show that performance of the trainable mentally retarded (TMR) child cannot be improved by traditional academic methods and that the TMR person can never assume a self directed role in society. (MC)

Compares the ways in which clients seeking counseling perceived high school counselors, college counselors, advisers, counseling psychologists, clinical psychologists, and psychiatrists. Wide differences emerged, even within the three counseling fields, regarding the types of problems students would discuss with members of the groups. (Author)

Looks at relationship between recovery (symptom reduction) from serious psychiatric disorder and patient-held and therapist-held expectations for recovery. Objective measures of prognostic expectations were taken from patients upon hospital admission and from therapists shortly thereafter. Found that therapists', but not patients', expectations…

The main experience of an ideal reader while reading a text is an "envisionment" of that text, a representation in the reader's mind of the content of the text. According to this view the envisionment grows and sometimes changes as the reader progresses through the text, and the ideal reader not only updates and supplements the…

The study investigated the development of 48 gifted adolescents' competencies and achievement related cognitions in mathematical skill development and examined the effects of school achievement level and sex. Ss completed a self instructional packet on mathematical residues (remainders) and were periodically assessed on perceived ability, task…

Recent work in attribution theory has shown the importance of not only the distinction between beliefs in internal and external causes, but also between relatively fixed, stable causes and those more unstable and subject to change. The relationships of causal attributions for success and failure in achievement and social affiliation with…

Experimental studies indicate that the primary determinant of changes in sexual and aggressive behavior following alcohol consumption is expectancy. Multiple regression analyses were performed on the responses of 100 college students to an alcohol-expectancy questionnaire to determine how expectations for sexual and aggressive behavior following…

The National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME) members' expectations of teacher and student attitudes toward standardized testing are compared with the actual attitudes of these groups to ascertain whether the perceptions of test specialists are similar to those of test users. Of a random sample of NCME members, assigned systematically to…